# US 7,072,828 B2 · Apparatus and method for improved voice activity detection

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- Number: US 7,072,828 B2
- Document ID: US7072828B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 10/145,370
- Filed: 2002-05-13
- Published: 2003-11-13
- Granted: 2006-07-04
- Earliest claimed: 2002-05-13
- Assignees: Avaya Technology Corp.
- Inventors: Norman W. Petty
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7072828B2

## CPC

- G10L 25/78: Detection of presence or absence of voice signals (switching of direction of transmission by voice frequency in two-way loud-speaking telephone systems H04M9/10)
- G10L 19/00: Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis (in musical instruments G10H)
- G10L 2025/783: {based on threshold decision}
- G10L: SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING

## Abstract

Problems of front-end clipping and excessively long holdover times in digitally encoded speech are resolved by the introduction of a queue at the transmitting end of a digital conversation. Samples are transmitted from the queue until an interval of low energy samples is encountered upon which time samples are not transmitted from queue until energy samples are present.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus for communicating samples from an interface to an encoder, comprising:
a queue for storing samples received from the interface;
an energy detector for identifying samples received from the interface that contain silence and for transmitting a signal to a control circuit identifying a silence interval upon a predefined number of silence samples being identified;
an analyzer responsive to the received samples for adjusting the number of samples stored in the queue and the number of silence samples identified by the energy detector by calculating an average time between words to make the adjustment to the queue and the number of samples; and
the control circuit accessing samples from the queue and transmitting the accessed samples to the encoder until the signal from the energy detector is received.

### Claim 2

A method for reducing bandwidth to transmit voice samples, comprising the steps of: storing voice samples in a queue;
transmitting ones of the stored voice samples from the queue;
detecting for low energy samples in the voice samples;
determining that a continuous interval of low energy samples has occurred;
stopping the transmission of ones of the stored voice samples from the queue upon the continuous interval of low energy samples being determined;
restarting the transmitting step upon the continuous interval of low energy samples ceasing:
analyzing the voice samples to determine a time period between words in the voice samples; and
adjusting a capacity of the queue to store voice samples.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2 further comprises the step of adjusting a duration of the continuous interval of low energy responsive to the step of analyzing the voice samples to determine a time period between words in the voice samples.