# US 7,072,198 B2 · DC/DC converter having improved regulation

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- Number: US 7,072,198 B2
- Document ID: US7072198B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 10/681,887
- Filed: 2003-10-09
- Published: 2005-04-14
- Granted: 2006-07-04
- Earliest claimed: 2003-10-09
- Assignees: Texas Instruments Incorporated
- Inventors: James L. Krug; David W. Evans; J. Patrick Kawamura
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7072198B2

## CPC

- H02M 3/156: with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M 1/0025: {Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter}
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)

## Abstract

A switching mode converter, having a switching transistor and an inductor, has a discontinuity detector coupled to the inductor which detects when the converter enters the discontinuous mode. The discontinuity detector determines the portion of the cycle of the switching transistor in which the converter is in the discontinuous mode. A feedback controller is coupled to the output of the converter and to the discontinuity detector which alters a feedback control signal of the converter.

## Claims

### Claim 1

In a switching mode converter having a switching transistor and an inductor, a discontinuous mode control circuit comprising:
a discontinuity detector coupled to the inductor that detects when the converter enters the discontinuous mode to generate a TRIP signal, the discontinuity detector determining the portion of a cycle of the switching transistor during which the converter is in discontinuous mode; and
a feedback controller coupled to an output of the converter and to the discontinuity detector, which alters a feedback control signal of the converter responsive to the determined portion of the cycle of the switching transistor during which the converter is in discontinuous mode; and
further comprising a freewheeling diode coupled to the inductor to discharge magnetic field energy stored in the inductor when the switching transistor shuts off; and wherein the discontinuity detector comprises a comparator coupled across the freewheeling diode and detecting when voltage across the diode is an appropriate polarity for reverse current flow to generate the TRIP signal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The circuit of claim 1 wherein the discontinuity detector comprises a timing means which starts a timing interval when the inductor enters discontinuous mode and ends the timing interval when the switching transistor is driven to start the next cycle.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The circuit of claim 2 wherein the timing means comprises a plurality of flip flops connected in series, a clock signal at a frequency higher than a drive frequency for the switching transistor being coupled to the clock input for each flip flop and a data input of the first of the plurality of flip flops receiving the TRIP signal, whereby each time the clock signal transition clocks a flip flop while the TRIP signal is present, the plurality of flip flops will continue to change state.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The circuit of claim 3 wherein the plurality of flip flops comprises 3 flip flops.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The circuit of claim 3 wherein the frequency of the clock signal is 4 times the frequency of the drive signal to the switching transistor.

### Claim 6 (depends on 2)

The circuit of claim 2 further comprising a second timing circuit coupled to an output of the timing means for determining that the switching mode converter remains at a particular level of the discontinuous mode for n cycles, where n=any integer.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The circuit of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of flip flops connected in series, a clock signal at a frequency higher than a drive frequency for the switching transistor being coupled to the clock input for each flip flop and a data input of the first of the plurality of flip flops receiving the TRIP signal, whereby each time the clock signal transition clocks a flip flop while the TRIP signal is present, the plurality of flip flops will continue to change state.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The circuit of claim 7 wherein the plurality of flip flops comprises 3 flip flops.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The circuit of claim 7 wherein the frequency of the clock signal is 4 times the frequency of the drive signal to the switching transistor.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The circuit of claim 7 further comprising a second timing circuit coupled to an output of the plurality of flip flops for determining that the switching mode converter remains at a particular level of the discontinuous mode for n cycles, where n=any integer.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The circuit of claim 1 wherein the feedback controller is coupled to a voltage divider coupled across an output of the converter for changing an output value of the voltage divider.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The circuit of claim 1 wherein the switching mode converter is a buck converter.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The circuit of claim 1 wherein the switching mode converter is a boost converter.