Fuel cell or electrodes with passive support

A method comprising:

• sintering an electrode material positioned in a porous region of an asymmetric metal oxide-based passive support to produce an electrode having finer pores wherein the passive support does not conduct electrons or ions to any significant degree;
• and
• depositing an electrolyte material to block at least some of the finer pores of the electrode to thereby form an electrolyte layer in contact with the electrode.

A method of generating an electrical potential comprising:

• providing fuel to an electrode having pores wherein the electrode comprises electrode material and a metal oxide-based passive support that has an asymmetric pore morphology with respect to at least one dimension of the passive support wherein the passive support does not conduct electrons or ions to any significant degree;
• and
• reacting the fuel with ions conducted through an electrolyte positioned adjacent to the electrode to thereby generate an electrical potential.

A fuel cell comprising:

• means for providing fuel to an electrode having pores wherein the electrode comprises electrode material and a metal oxide-based passive support that has an asymmetric pore morphology with respect to at least one dimension of the passive support wherein the passive support does not conduct electrons or ions to any significant degree;
• and
• means for reacting the fuel with ions conducted through an electrolyte positioned adjacent to the electrode to thereby generate an electrical potential.