Surgical instrument with rotary cutting member and quick release coupling arrangement

A surgical instrument for the dissection of bone and other tissue, the surgical instrument comprising:

• a rotary drive shaft including a cavity,
• a dissection tool releasably receivable in said cavity, the dissection tool defining a longitudinal axis extending between a first end and a second end, said first end having a dissection surface, said second end having a receiving means for axial alignment along the longitudinal axis;
• and
• a means for engaging said receiving means for alignment carried by said rotary drive shaft cooperating therewith to longitudinally align said dissection tool with said rotary drive shaft.

A powered surgical instrument for the dissection of bone and other tissue having a hand piece cooperable with a dissection tool having a longitudinal axis, the hand piece comprising:

• a hand piece body having an internal cavity;
• a motor for supplying rotary force disposed within said internal cavity, said motor including a rotor shaft having an axis of rotation;
• and
• a coupling assembly having a proximal portion and an opposite distal portion, said proximal portion adapted for coupling with said rotor shaft, said distal portion including a channel for receiving a portion of the dissection tool and also including an axial alignment surface disposed on a projection in said channel, said axial alignment surface urging the dissection tool to substantially align the longitudinal axis with said axis of rotation.

A powered surgical instrument for the dissection of bone and other tissue having a hand piece cooperable with a dissection tool having a longitudinal axis, the hand piece comprising:

• a hand piece body having an internal cavity;
• a motor for supplying rotary force disposed within said internal cavity, said motor including a rotor shaft having an axis of rotation;
• and
• a coupling assembly having a proximal portion and an opposite distal portion, said proximal portion adapted for coupling with said rotor shaft, said distal portion including a channel for receiving a portion of the dissection tool and also including an axial alignment surface disposed adjacent said channel, said axial alignment surface urging the dissection tool longitudinal axis into substantial alignment with said axis of rotation, wherein said axial alignment surface is defined on a projection extending into said channel in alignment with said axis of rotation.

A surgical tool for dissection of tissue, comprising:

• an elongated shaft having a first end, an opposite second end, an external surface and a longitudinal axis extending between said first end and said opposite second end;
• a dissecting element disposed proximal said first end;
• and
• at least one blind bore extending within said external surface and in substantial alignment with said longitudinal axis, said at least one blind bore having an opening disposed adjacent said opposite second end, said shaft further includes at least one torque transmission surface disposed adjacent said opposite second end on said external surface, said torque transmission surface adapted to cooperate with a coupling member of a powered shaft to thereby transmit rotary force to said dissecting element, wherein said blind bore and said torque transmission surface each include distal portions, said distal portions substantially co-terminus along said longitudinal axis.

A surgical dissection tool, comprising:

• an elongated shaft having a first end and an opposite second end and a longitudinal axis extending therebetween;
• a dissection surface disposed adjacent said first end;
• an external drive surface disposed adjacent said second end;
• and
• an internal alignment passage adjacent said second end and coaxially disposed with said external drive surface along said longitudinal axis, the alignment passage being configured to not provide a fluid coolant to the dissection surface, wherein said drive surface includes multiple planes defining a substantially cylindrical drive surface.

A surgical dissection tool, comprising:

• an elongated shaft having a first end and an opposite second end and a longitudinal axis extending therebetween;
• a dissection surface disposed adjacent said first end;
• an external drive surface disposed adjacent said second end;
• and
• an internal alignment passage adjacent said second end and coaxially disposed with said external drive surface along said longitudinal axis, the alignment passage being configured to not provide a fluid coolant to the dissection surface, wherein said drive surface is substantially cylindrical and is hexagonal in cross-section.

A surgical dissection tool, comprising:

• an elongated shaft having a first end and an opposite second end and a longitudinal axis extending therebetween;
• a dissection surface disposed adjacent said first end;
• an external drive surface disposed adjacent said second end;
• and
• an internal alignment passage adjacent said second end and coaxially disposed with said external drive surface along said longitudinal axis, the alignment passage being configured to not provide a fluid coolant to the dissection surface, wherein said elongated shaft is configured for mating engagement with a powered coupling assembly having a powered shaft with a shaft longitudinal axis and driving surfaces for transmitting torque to a tool shaft, wherein said alignment passage includes means for alignment with the shaft longitudinal axis and means for rotational alignment with the driving surfaces.

A surgical dissection tool configured for coupling with a driving member of a motor, the driving member having an axis of rotation, the surgical dissection tool comprising:

• an elongated shaft having a first end, an opposite second end, an external surface and a longitudinal axis extending between said first end and said opposite second end;
• a dissecting surface disposed proximal said first end;
• at least one driving surface adapted to receive rotational force from a corresponding driving member, said driving surface disposed adjacent said second end;
• and
• at least one alignment surface formed adjacent said second end, said alignment surface configured to cooperate with at least one surface of the driving member to substantially align said longitudinal axis with said axis of rotation,
• wherein said at least one driving surface includes three or more driving surfaces.

A surgical dissection tool shaft support for cooperation with a motor housing, the tool shaft support comprising:

• a body having an exterior surface and an internal channel adapted to receive a tool shaft and defining a longitudinal axis therethrough;
• said exterior surface including
• a first portion adapted for connection to a motor housing, said first portion having a first diameter,
• a second portion adjacent said first portion, having bearings for supporting the tool shaft,
• a first taper between said first portion and said second portion, and
• a distal taper extending substantially between said second portion and said internal channel;
• said first portion and said first taper defining a first transition;
• and
• said second portion and said distal taper defining a second transition, wherein said first transition and said second transition are located along a sight line, said sight line disposed at angle with respect to said longitudinal axis of approximately 10°.

A surgical instrument for the dissection of bone and other tissue that may be assembled by a user, said instrument comprising:

• a hand piece having a proximal end and an opposite distal end, said distal end having a tapered external surface and a recess formed in said tapered surface;
• an attachment assembly having an internal chamber adapted to receive at least a portion of said distal end in an interference fit, said internal chamber including an internal groove;
• and
• an expandable member partially carried within said internal groove, wherein said expandable member is compressed into said internal groove by contact with said tapered external surface and, when aligned with said recess, expands into said recess to produce tactile feedback to the user indicating proper alignment.