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US 7,065,954 B2Granted
Turbine, particularly useful for small aircraft
OwnerGustavo Francisco Labalainventor
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A turbine includes a combustion chamber with deflectors generating vortices in a secondary gas flow into the combustion chamber, thereby confining the flame front from penetrating into the cold region of the chamber under variable operating conditions, simplifying cooling of the chamber walls. The turbine further includes devices for decoupling vibrations between the high- and low-speed shafts, including a loosely mounted spline coupling the high-speed shaft to the step-down system and disk dampening means coupling the step-down system to the low-speed output shaft.
Claims17
A combustion chamber for a high-speed, relatively low-power turbine engine, said combustion chamber comprising:
- a wall dividing said chamber into a hot region and a cold region, said cold region at least partially surrounding said hot region and adapted for receiving a carburetant gas at a pressure,
- primary inlet means for admitting said carburetant gas from said cold region into said hot region and
- means for injecting fuel into said hot region for mixing with said gas therein to produce a mixture which, upon ignition, generates a flame front expanding towards said cold region;
- the improvement whereby said combustion chamber further includes:
- passage means for admitting a secondary flow of relatively cool gas from said cold region into said hot region, said passage means comprising a plurality of orifices circumferentially distributed around said wall at a predetermined distance from said fuel injecting means, said orifices communicating said hot region with said cold region, and
- obstruction members partially surrounding said orifices towards said ignition means for generating a vortex in said secondary gas flow in said hot region for confining penetration of said flame front into said cold region.
3 more elements
A turbo-engine including:
- a turbine having a high-speed output shaft for delivering useful rotational mechanical power,
- a low-speed output shaft for delivering said useful rotational mechanical power to a load,
- a speed step-down system coupling said shafts to one another in order to transmit said useful rotational mechanical power from said high-speed shaft to said low-speed shaft, said step down system including:
- a high-speed gearwheel coupled to said turbine output shaft and
- a low-speed gearwheel having a metal contact surface coupled to said low-speed output shaft, and
- decoupling means for reducing transmission of vibrations between said shafts;
- wherein said decoupling means includes:
- a disk secured to the low-speed shaft and having a metal contact surface, and
- resilient bushing means coupling said metal contact surface of the low-speed gear to said metal contact surface of the disk, thereby dampening transmission of vibrations between said metal contact surfaces.
6 more elements
A turbine for delivering mechanical work to a rotating, low-speed shaft, the turbine including:
- a stage for air admission and compression, the air admission and compression stage comprising:
- a high-speed shaft containing a central duct or cavity and an air admission end,
- bearings supporting said high-speed shaft proximate to said air admission end so as to define a cantilever shaft portion towards a shaft end opposite said air admission end, and
- means for conducting oil for lubricating the bearings through the central duct in the shaft,
- a centrifugal compressor and a centripetal turbine arranged next to each other in the central cavity end of said shaft;
- a combustion chamber including a fuel injection system, and
- an expansion stage for generating mechanical work on the high-speed turbine shaft;
- a turning speed step-down system including a low-speed gear having a metal contact surface;
- auxiliary systems for lubrication, control, operation or ignition;
- and
- a low-speed power output shaft,
- the improvements whereby:
- the high-speed shaft has orifices arranged for directing the lubricant in the form of jets directly into the bearings thereby reducing the relative speed of the lubricant jet in the bearing, and
- said turbine further including devices for decoupling vibrations between said high-speed shaft and said low-speed power output shaft, said vibrations decoupling devices including:
- a disk integrated to the low-speed shaft and having a metal contact surface, and bushing means of a resilient material, said bushing means coupling said metal contact surface of the low-speed gear to said metal contact surface of the low-speed shaft, thereby dampening transmission of vibrations between said metal contact surfaces.
12 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.