Wavelength division multiplexed transmission path and dispersion-compensating fiber used therein

A wavelength division multiplexed transmission path comprising:

• a dispersion-compensating transmission path comprising a dispersion-shifted fiber, and one type of dispersion-compensating fiber, or two or more types of dispersion-compensating fiber having different chromatic dispersion,
• wherein the dispersion-shifted fiber comprises a) a central core segment;
• a peripheral core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the central core segment;
• and a clad, provided on the outer periphery of the peripheral core segment, the refractive index profile of the dispersion-shifted fiber is such that the peripheral core segment has a higher refractive index than the central core segment, and the clad has a lower refractive index than the peripheral core segment, the dispersion-shifted fiber has positive chromatic dispersion in a waveband of 1460 nm to 1630 nm, the dispersion-shifted fiber has:
• c) chromatic dispersion of greater than or equal to +6.0 ps/nm/km and less than or equal to +10 ps/nm/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• d) a dispersion slope of less than or equal to +0.09 ps/nm2/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• and e) an effective area of greater than or equal to 80 μm2, and less than or equal to 120 μm2 at a wavelength of 1550 nm, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to −0.1% and less than or equal to 0.1%, the relative refractive index difference of the peripheral core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to 0.7% and less than or equal to 1.2%, and the radius of the central core segment is greater than or equal to 3.0 μm and less than or equal to 5.0 μm,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber comprises b) a central core segment;
• an intermediate core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the central core segment;
• a ring core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate core segment;
• and a clad, provided on the outer periphery of the ring core segment, the refractive index profile of the dispersion-compensating fiber is such that the intermediate core segment has a lower refractive index than the central core segment, the ring core segment has a refractive index which is higher than that of the intermediate core segment but lower than that of the central core segment, and the clad has a refractive index which is lower than that of the ring core segment but higher than that of the intermediate core segment, the dispersion-compensating fiber has negative chromatic dispersion in the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber, selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm, the ratio of the radius of the intermediate core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 2.0 and 3.0, and the ratio of the radius of the ring core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 3.0 and 5.0,
• at least one type of dispersion-compensating fiber B comprising the dispersion-compensating transmission path is capable of actual single mode transmission at a wavelength of 1570 nm;
• and when a dispersion-shifted fiber satisfying the conditions of c) to e) has been compensated, the dispersion compensation rate defined by (Sc2/Dc2)/(Ss2/Ds2) (where Dc2 and Sc2 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber B at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband, selected from wavelengths from 1570 nm to 1630 nm, and Ds2 and Ss2 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the compensated dispersion-shifted fiber at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber B) is greater than or equal to 80% and less than or equal to 120%, in the dispersion-compensating fiber B, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to 1.0% and less than or equal to 1.7%, the relative refractive index difference of the intermediate core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to −1.5% and less than or equal to −0.5%, the relative refractive index difference of the ring core segment with respect to the clad is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 0.6%, the radius of the ring core segment is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 15 μm, the dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber B at a wavelength of 1550 nm is greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm2/km and less than or equal to −0.3 ps/nm2/km, the dispersion-compensating fiber B has an effective area of greater than or equal to 12 μm2 at a central wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber B, and a bending loss (being the bending loss of a bend diameter of 20 mm at the central wavelength of the compensation waveband) of less than or equal to 30 dB/m, and the dispersion-compensating fiber B has chromatic dispersion of between −200 and −60 ps/nm/km in the compensation waveband, and
• the chromatic dispersion of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path is greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm/km and less than or equal to +1.0 ps/nm/km in a used waveband of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path, which is selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm.

A wavelength division multiplexed transmission path comprising:

• a dispersion-compensating transmission path comprising a dispersion-shifted fiber, and one type of dispersion-compensating fiber, or two or more types of dispersion-compensating fiber having different chromatic dispersion,
• wherein the dispersion-shifted fiber comprises a) a central core segment;
• a peripheral core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the central core segment;
• and a clad, provided on the outer periphery of the peripheral core segment, the refractive index profile of the dispersion-shifted fiber is such that the peripheral core segment has a higher refractive index than the central core segment, and the clad has a lower refractive index than the peripheral core segment, the dispersion-shifted fiber has positive chromatic dispersion in a waveband of 1460 nm to 1630 nm, the dispersion-shifted fiber has:
• c) chromatic dispersion of greater than or equal to +6.0 ps/nm/km and less than or equal to +10 ps/nm/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• d) a dispersion slope of less than or equal to +0.09 ps/nm2/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• and e) an effective area of greater than or equal to 80 μm2, and less than or equal to 120 μm2 at a wavelength of 1550 nm, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to −0.1% and less than or equal to 0.1%, the relative refractive index difference of the peripheral core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to 0.7% and less than or equal to 1.2%, and the radius of the central core segment is greater than or equal to 3.0 μm and less than or equal to 5.0 μm,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber comprises:
• b) a central core segment;
• an intermediate core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the central core segment;
• a ring core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate core segment;
• and a clad, provided on the outer periphery of the ring core segment, the refractive index profile of the dispersion-compensating fiber is such that the intermediate core segment has a lower refractive index than the central core segment, the ring core segment has a refractive index which is higher than that of the intermediate core segment but lower than that of the central core segment, and the clad has a refractive index which is lower than that of the ring core segment but higher than that of the intermediate core segment, the dispersion-compensating fiber has negative chromatic dispersion in the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber, selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm, the ratio of the radius of the intermediate core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 2.0 and 3.0, and the ratio of the radius of the ring core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 3.0 and 5.0,
• at least one type of dispersion-compensating fiber C comprising the dispersion-compensating transmission path is capable of actual single-mode transmission at a wavelength of 1460 nm;
• and when a dispersion-shifted fiber satisfying the conditions of c) to e) has been compensated, the dispersion compensation rate defined by (Sc3/Dc3)/(Ss3/Ds3) (where Dc3 and Sc3 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber C at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband, selected from wavelengths from 1460 nm to 1530 nm, and Ds3 and Ss3 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the compensated dispersion-shifted fiber at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber C) is greater than or equal to 80% and less than or equal to 120%, in the dispersion-compensating fiber C, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to 1.0% and less than or equal to 1.7%, the relative refractive index difference of the intermediate core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to −1.5% and less than or equal to −0.5%, the relative refractive index difference of the ring core segment with respect to the clad is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 0.6%, the radius of the ring core segment is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 15 μm, the dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber C at a wavelength of 1550 nm is greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm2/km and less than or equal to −0.3 ps/nm2/km, the dispersion-compensating fiber C has an effective area of greater than or equal to 12 μm2 at a central wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber C, and a bending loss (being the bending loss of a bend diameter of 20 mm at the central wavelength of the compensation waveband) of less than or equal to 30 dB/m, and the dispersion-compensating fiber C has chromatic dispersion of between −150 to −4 ps/nm/km in the compensation waveband, and
• the chromatic dispersion of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path is greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm/km and less than or equal to +1.0 ps/nm/km in a used waveband of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path, which is selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm.

A dispersion-compensating fiber comprising:

• a central core segment;
• an intermediate core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the central core segment;
• a ring core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate core segment;
• and a clad, provided on the outer periphery of the ring core segment,
• wherein the refractive index profile of the dispersion-compensating fiber is such that the intermediate core segment has a lower refractive index than the central core segment, the ring core segment has a refractive index which is higher than that of the intermediate core segment but lower than that of the central core segment, and the clad has a refractive index which is lower than that of the ring core segment but higher than that of the intermediate core segment,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber has negative chromatic dispersion in the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber, selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm,
• in the dispersion-compensating fiber, the ratio of the radius of the intermediate core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 2.0 and 3.0, and the ratio of the radius of the ring core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 3.0 and 5.0,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber is capable of actual single mode transmission at a wavelength of 1530 nm,
• when a dispersion-shifted fiber having positive chromatic dispersion in the waveband of 1460 nm to 1630 nm, having:
• c) chromatic dispersion of greater than or equal to +6.0 ps/nm/km and less than or equal to +10 ps/nm/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• d) a dispersion slope of less than or equal to +0.09 ps/nm2/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• and e) an effective area of greater than or equal to 80 μm2, and less than or equal to 120 μm2 at a wavelength of 1550 nm, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad being greater than or equal to −0.1% and less than or equal to 0.1%, the relative refractive index difference of the peripheral core segment with respect to the clad being greater than or equal to 0.7% and less than or equal to 1.2%, and the radius of the central core segment being greater than or equal to 3.0 μm and less than or equal to 5.0 μm, has been compensated, the dispersion compensation rate defined by (Sc1/Dc1)/(Ss1/Ds1) (where Dc1 and Sc1 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband, selected from wavelengths from 1530 nm to 1570 nm, and Ds1 and Ss1 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the compensated dispersion-shifted fiber at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber) is greater than or equal to 80% and less than or equal to 120%,
• in the dispersion-compensating fiber, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to 1.0% and less than or equal to 1.7%, the relative refractive index difference of the intermediate core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to −1.5% and less than or equal to −0.5%, the relative refractive index difference of the ring core segment with respect to the clad is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 0.6%, and the radius of the ring core segment is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 15 μm,
• the dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber at a wavelength of 1550 nm is greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm2/km and less than or equal to −0.3 ps/nm2/km,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber has an effective area of greater than or equal to 12 μm2 at a central wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber, and a bending loss (being the bending loss of a bend diameter of 20 mm at the central wavelength of the compensation waveband) of less than or equal to 30 dB/m,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber has chromatic dispersion of between −120 to −20 ps/nm/km in the compensation waveband, and
• when linked with the dispersion-shifted fiber to form a wavelength division multiplexed transmission path, the residual chromatic dispersion of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path is greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm/kin and less than or equal to +1.0 ps/nm/km in a used waveband of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path, selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm.

A dispersion-compensating fiber comprising:

• a central core segment;
• an intermediate core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the central core segment;
• a ring core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate core segment;
• and a clad, provided on the outer periphery of the ring core segment,
• wherein the refractive index profile of the dispersion-compensating fiber is such that the intermediate core segment has a lower refractive index than the central core segment, the ring core segment has a refractive index which is higher than that of the intermediate core segment but lower than that of the central core segment, and the clad has a refractive index which is lower than that of the ring core segment but higher than that of the intermediate core segment,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber has negative chromatic dispersion in the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber, selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm,
• in the dispersion-compensating fiber, the ratio of the radius of the intermediate core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 2.0 and 3.0, and the ratio of the radius of the ring core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 3.0 and 5.0,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber is capable of actual single mode transmission at a wavelength of 1570 nm,
• when a dispersion-shifted fiber having positive chromatic dispersion in the waveband of 1460 nm to 1630 nm, having:
• c) chromatic dispersion of greater than or equal to +6.0 ps/nm/km and less than or equal to +10 ps/nm/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• d) a dispersion slope of less than or equal to +0.09 ps/nm2/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• and e) an effective area of greater than or equal to 80 μm2, and less than or equal to 120 μm2 at a wavelength of 1550 nm, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad being greater than or equal to −0.1% and less than or equal to 0.1%, the relative refractive index difference of the peripheral core segment with respect to the clad being greater than or equal to 0.7% and less than or equal to 1.2%, and the radius of the central core segment being greater than or equal to 3.0 tm and less than or equal to 5.0 μm, has been compensated, the dispersion compensation rate defined by (Sc2/Dc2)/(Ss2/Ds2) (where Dc2 and Sc2 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband, selected from wavelengths from 1570 nm to 1630 nm, and Ds2 and Ss2 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the compensated dispersion-shifted fiber at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber) is greater than or equal to 80% and less than or equal to 120%,
• in the dispersion-compensating fiber, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to 1.0% and less than or equal to 1.7%, the relative refractive index difference of the intermediate core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to −1.5% and less than or equal to −0.5%, the relative refractive index difference of the ring core segment with respect to the clad is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 0.6%, and the radius of the ring core segment is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 15 μm,
• the dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber at a wavelength of 1550 nm is greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm2/km and less than or equal to −0.3 ps/nm/km,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber has an effective area of greater than or equal to 12 μm2 at a central wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber, and a bending loss (being the bending loss of a bend diameter of 20 mm at the central wavelength of the compensation waveband) of less than or equal to 30 dB/m,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber has chromatic dispersion of between −200 and −60 ps/nm/km in the compensation waveband, and
• when linked with the dispersion-shifted fiber to form a wavelength division multiplexed transmission path, the residual chromatic dispersion of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path being greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm/km and less than or equal to +1.0 ps/nm/km in a used waveband of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path, selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm.

A dispersion-compensating fiber comprising:

• a central core segment;
• an intermediate core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the central core segment;
• a ring core segment, provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate core segment;
• and a clad, provided on the outer periphery of the ring core segment,
• wherein the refractive index profile of the dispersion-compensating fiber is such that the intermediate core segment has a lower refractive index than the central core segment, the ring core segment has a refractive index which is higher than that of the intermediate core segment but lower than that of the central core segment, and the clad has a refractive index which is lower than that of the ring core segment but higher than that of the intermediate core segment,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber has negative chromatic dispersion in the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber, selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm,
• in the dispersion-compensating fiber, the ratio of the radius of the intermediate core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 2.0 and 3.0, and the ratio of the radius of the ring core segment to the radius of the central core segment is between 3.0 and 5.0,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber is capable of actual single-mode transmission at a wavelength of 1460 nm,
• when a dispersion-shifted fiber having positive chromatic dispersion in the waveband of 1460 nm to 1630 nm, having:
• c) chromatic dispersion of greater than or equal to +6.0 ps/nm/km and less than or equal to +10 ps/nm/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• d) a dispersion slope of less than or equal to +0.09 ps/nm2/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm;
• and e) an effective area of greater than or equal to 80 μm2, and less than or equal to 120 μm2 at a wavelength of 1550 nm, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad being greater than or equal to −0.1% and less than or equal to 0.1%, the relative refractive index difference of the peripheral core segment with respect to the clad being greater than or equal to 0.7% and less than or equal to 1.2%, and the radius of the central core segment being greater than or equal to 3.0 μm and less than or equal to 5.0 μm, has been compensated, the dispersion compensation rate defined by (Sc3/Dc3)/(Ss3/Ds3) (where Dc3 and Sc3 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband, selected from wavelengths from 1460 nm to 1530 nm, and Ds3 and Ss3 respectively represent the chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope of the compensated dispersion-shifted fiber at the center wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber) is greater than or equal to 80% and less than or equal to 120%,
• in the dispersion-compensating fiber, the relative refractive index difference of the central core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to 1.0% and less than or equal to 1.7%, the relative refractive index difference of the intermediate core segment with respect to the clad is greater than or equal to −1.5% and less than or equal to −0.5%, the relative refractive index difference of the ring core segment with respect to the clad is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 0.6%, and the radius of the ring core segment is greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 15 μm,
• the dispersion slope of the dispersion-compensating fiber at a wavelength of 1550 nm being greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm2/km and less than or equal to −0.3 ps/nm2/km,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber has an effective area of greater than or equal to 12 μm2 at a central wavelength of the compensation waveband of the dispersion-compensating fiber, and a bending loss (being the bending loss of a bend diameter of 20 mm at the central wavelength of the compensation waveband) of less than or equal to 30 dB/m,
• the dispersion-compensating fiber has chromatic dispersion of between −150 to −4 ps/nm/km in the compensation waveband, and
• when linked with the dispersion-shifted fiber to form a wavelength division multiplexed transmission path, the residual chromatic dispersion of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path is greater than or equal to −1.0 ps/nm/km and less than or equal to +1.0 ps/nm/km in a used waveband of the wavelength division multiplexed transmission path, selected from 1460 nm to 1630 nm.