Variable micro-capacitor with a high ratio and a low operating voltage

A MEMS micro-capacitor of variable capacity of variable air gap type, comprising:

• at least one fixed electrode positioned on one surface of a substrate;
• at least one deformable electrode positioned opposite the fixed electrode;
• means forming a solid dielectric layer placed between the at least one fixed electrode and the at least one deformable electrode;
• sagging means with respect to said substrate surface, comprising said at least one deformable electrode and designed to clasp the means forming a dielectric layer between the at least one deformable electrode and the at least one fixed electrode so as to obtain a surface of clasped means forming a dielectric layer;
• means for applying a sagging force to said sagging means, intended to move the at least one deformable electrode with respect to the at least one fixed electrode to obtain between these electrodes a variable capacity depending on the applied sagging force,
• wherein the means for applying a sagging force comprises first means to obtain a surface of clasped means forming a dielectric layer corresponding to a first capacity value and second means to obtain a surface of clasped means forming a dielectric layer corresponding to a second capacity value.