Methods for the treatment and prevention of pain

A method of treating pain in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound having the following Formula II:

• or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein:
• G-X-W is selected from:
• (a) (Z1Z2)C—N(R1)—C(Z1Z2);
• (b) CH(R1)—C(═O)—N(R1);
• and
• (c) N(R1)—C(═O)—CH(R1);
• Z1 and Z2, at each occurrence, are independently selected from H, H;
• H, OR;
• H, SR;
• H, N(R)2;
• and a group wherein Z1 and Z2 together form a moiety selected from ═O, ═S, and ═NR;
• with the proviso that at least one of the pairs Z1 and Z2 forms ═O;
• R is independently selected from H, optionally substituted alkyl, C(═O)R1a, C(═O)NR1cR1d, (CH2)pNR1cR1d, (CH2)pOR1b, optionally substituted arylalkyl and optionally substituted heteroarylalkyl;
• R1 is independently selected from:
• (a) H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted arylalkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl and optionally substituted heteroarylalkyl;
• (b) C(═O)R1a;
• (c) OR1b;
• (d) C(═O)NHR1b, NR1cR1d, (CH2)pNR1cR1d, (CH2)pOR1b, O(CH2)pOR1b and O(CH2)pNR1cR1d;
• R1a is independently selected from optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl and optionally substituted heteroaryl;
• R1b is independently selected from H and optionally substituted alkyl;
• R1c and R1d are each independently selected from H and optionally substituted alkyl, or together form linking group of the formula (CH2)2—X1—(CH2)2;
• R3 and R4 are each independently selected from:
• (a) H, aryl, heteroaryl, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, CF3, NO2, OH, OR9, O(CH2)pNR11R12, OC(═O)R9, OC(═O)NR11R12, O(CH2)pOR10, CH2OR10, NR11R12, NR10S(═O)2R9 and NR10C(═O)R9;
• (b) CH2OR14;
• (c) NR10C(═O)NR11R12, CO2R10, C(═O)R9, C(═O)NR11R12, CH═NOR10, CH═NR10, (CH2)pNR11R12, (CH2)pNHR14 and CH═NNR11R12;
• (d) S(O)yR9, (CH2)pS(O)yR9 and CH2S(O)yR14;
• (e) optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl and optionally substituted alkynyl, wherein said optional substituents are one to about three R5 groups;
• R5 is selected from aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkoxy, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO2, OH, OR9, OC(═O)R9, OC(═O)NHR10, O-tetrahydropyranyl, NR11R12, NR10C(═O)R9, NR10CO2R9, NR10C(═O)NR11R12, NHC(═NH)NH2, NR10S(O)2R9, S(O)yR9, CO2R10, C(═O)NR11R12, C(═O)R9, CH2OR10, CH═NNR11R12, CH═NOR10, CH═NR9, CH═NNHCH(N═NH)NH2, S(═O)2NR11R12, P(═O)(OR10)2, OR14, and a monosaccharide wherein each hydroxyl group of the monosaccharide is independently either unsubstituted or is replaced by H, alkyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxy;
• R7 is selected from H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, optionally substituted arylalkyl, optionally substituted heteroarylalkyl, (CH2)pOR10, (CH2)pOC(═O)NR11R12 and (CH2)pNR11R12;
• R9 is selected from alkyl, (CH2)raryl and (CH2)rheteroaryl;
• R10 is selected from H, alkyl, (CH2)raryl and (CH2)rheteroaryl;
• R11 and R12 are independently selected from H and optionally substituted alkyl, or together form a linking group of the formula (CH2)2—X1—(CH2)2;
• X1 is independantly selected from O, S and CH2;
• R14 is the residue of an amino acid after the hydroxyl group of the carboxyl group is removed;
• R15 and R16 are independently selected from H, OH, C(═O)R10, O(C═O)R9, alkyl-OH, alkyl, alkoxy and CO2R10;
• p is independently selected from 1, 2, 3, and 4;
• r is independently selected from 0, 1, and 2;
• and
• y is independently selected from 0, 1 and 2.