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US 7,008,726 B2Granted
Secondary battery electrode active materials and methods for making the same
AssigneeValence Technology, Inc.
InventorsGeorge Adamson, Jeremy Barker, M. Yazid Saidi
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
The invention provides an electrochemical cell which includes a first electrode and a second electrode which is a counter electrode to said first electrode, and an electrolyte material interposed there between. The first electrode comprises an electrode active material represented by the general nominal formula Aa[Mm,MIn,MIIo](XY4)dZe, wherein at least one of M, MI and MII is a redox active element, 0<m,n,o≦4, and ½[V(MI)+V(MII)]=V(M), wherein V(M) is the valence state of M, V(MI) is the valence state of MI, and V(MII) is the valence state of MII.
Claims87
A battery, comprising:
- (A) a first electrode comprising a compound represented by the nominal general formula:
- Aa[Mm,MIn,MIIo](XY4)dZe,
- wherein:
- (i) A is selected from the group consisting of elements from Group I of the Periodic Table, and mixtures thereof, and 0<a≦9;
- (ii) at least one of M, MI and MII is a redox active element, 0<m, n, o≦4, and ½[V(MI)+V(MII)]=V(M), wherein V(M) is the valence state of M, V(MI) is the valence state of MI, and V(MII) is the valence state of MII, and wherein MI is selected from the group consisting of Li1+, K1+, Na1+, Ru1+, Cs1+, and mixtures thereof;
- (iii) XY4 is selected from the group consisting of X′[O4-x,Y′x], X′[O4-y,Y′2y], X″S4, [Xz′″,X′1-z]O4, and mixtures thereof, wherein:
- (a) X′ and X′″ are each independently selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Si, Ge, V, S, and mixtures thereof;
- (b) X″ is selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Si, Ge, V, and mixtures thereof;
- (c) Y′ is selected from the group consisting of a halogen, S, N, and mixtures thereof;
- and
- (d) 0≦x≦3, 0≦y≦2, 0≦z≦1, and 1≦d≦3;
- and
- (iv) Z is selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl (OH), a halogen, and mixtures thereof, and 0≦e≦4;
- wherein A, M, MI, MII X, Y, Z, a, m, n, o, d, and e are selected so as to maintain electroneutrality of the compound;
- (B) the battery further comprising a second electrode;
- and
- (C) an electrolyte.
14 more elements
A battery, comprising:
- (A) a first electrode comprising a compound represented by the nominal general formula:
- Aa[Mm,MIn,MIIo](XY4)dZe,
- wherein:
- (i) A is selected from the group consisting of elements from Group I of the Periodic Table, and mixtures thereof, and 0<a≦9;
- (ii) at least one of M, MI and MII is a redox active element, 0<m, n, o≦4, and ½[V(MI)+V(MII)]=V(M), wherein V(M) is the valence state of M, V(MI) is the valence state of MI;
- (iii) XY4 is selected from the group consisting of X′[O4-x,Y′x], X′[O4-y,Y′2y], X″S4, [Xz′″,X′1-z]O4, and mixtures thereof, wherein:
- (a) X′ and X′″ are each independently selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Si, Ge, V, S, and mixtures thereof;
- (b) X″ is selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Si, Ge, V, and mixtures thereof;
- (c) Y′ is selected from the group consisting of a halogen, S, N, and mixtures thereof;
- and
- (d) 0≦x≦3, 0≦y≦2, 0≦z≦1, and 1≦d≦3;
- and
- (iv) Z is selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl (OH), a halogen, and mixtures thereof, and 0<e≦1;
- wherein A, M, MI, MII X, Y, Z, a, m, n, o, d, and e are selected so as to maintain electroneutrality of the compound;
- (B) the battery further comprising a second electrode;
- and
- (C) an electrolyte.
14 more elements
A battery, comprising:
- (A) a first electrode comprising a compound represented by the nominal general formula:
- Aa[Mm,MIn,MIIo](XY4)3Ze,
- wherein:
- (i) A is selected from the group consisting of elements from Group I of the Periodic Table, and mixtures thereof, and 0<a≦5;
- (ii) at least one of M, MI and MII is a redox active element, 1<m, n, o≦3, and ½[V(MI)+V(MII)]=V(M), wherein V(M) is the valence state of M, V(MI) is the valence state of MI;
- (iii) XY4 is selected from the group consisting of X′[O4-x,Y′x], X′[O4-y,Y′2y], X″S4, [Xz′″,X′1-z]O4, and mixtures thereof, wherein:
- (a) X′ and X′″ are each independently selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Si, Ge, V, S, and mixtures thereof;
- (b) X″ is selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Si, Ge, V, and mixtures thereof;
- (c) Y′ is selected from the group consisting of a halogen, S, N, and mixtures thereof;
- and
- (d) 0≦x≦3, 0≦y≦2, and 0≦z≦1;
- and
- (iv) Z is selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl (OH), a halogen, and mixtures thereof and 0≦e≦4;
- wherein A, M, MI, MII X, Y, Z, a, m, n, o, and e are selected so as to maintain electroneutrality of the compound;
- (B) the battery further comprising a second electrode;
- and
- (C) an electrolyte.
14 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.