Dual-polarization antenna array

A dual-polarized antenna array, having a main lobe which can be depressed, comprising:

• plural antenna element arrangements, at least some of which are arranged on different height lines when seen in the vertical direction in front of a reflector,
• the antenna element arrangements being constructed and arranged such that two polarizations which are at right angles to one another can be received and/or transmitted via them, with the polarizations being aligned at an angle, inclined to the vertical, of approximately +45° on the one hand and −45° on the other hand,
• the antenna element arrangements comprising:
• (a) dipole structures, in the form of cruciform or cruciform-like dipole structures or in the form of square dipole structures, and/or
• (b) patch antenna elements having at least two or four feed points,
• further including the following further features:
• a compensation device or compensation arrangement for minimizing, for preventing or for overcompensation for movement drift, as a function of the depression angle, of the horizontal overall polar diagram in the horizontal or azimuth direction is provided for at least one or both polarizations,
• the compensation device or compensation arrangement comprising, with respect to the relevant polarization, at least one compensation antenna element device or at least one compensation antenna element arrangement, whose associated polar diagram is changed or shifted in the opposite sense to the polar diagram of the at least one other antenna element arrangement as the polar diagram is increasingly depressed, and
• wherein the compensation antenna element arrangement or compensation antenna element device comprises at least one pair of vertical or horizontal antenna elements for one polarization, which are arranged with a horizontal offset or spaced apart from one another in the horizontal direction, symmetrically with respect to a vertical central plane of symmetry, with the relevant pair of vertical antenna elements being fed with a phase difference which is dependent on the depression angle of the antenna.

A dual-polarized antenna array having a main lobe which can be depressed, comprising:

• plural antenna element arrangements, at least some of which are arranged on different height lines when seen in the vertical direction in front of a reflector,
• the antenna element arrangements being constructed and ranged such that two polarizations which are at right angles to one another can be received and/or transmitted via them, with the polarizations being aligned at an angle, inclined to the vertical, of approximately +45° on the one hand and −45° on the other hand,
• the antenna element arrangements comprising:
• (a) dipole structures, in the form of cruciform or cruciform-like dipole structures or in the form of square dipole structures, and/or
• (b) patch antenna elements having at least two or four feed points,
• further including the following further features:
• a compensation device or compensation arrangement for minimizing, for preventing or for overcompensation for movement drift, as a function of the depression angle, of the horizontal overall polar diagram in the horizontal or azimuth direction is provided for at least one or both polarizations,
• the compensation device or compensation arrangement comprising, with respect to the relevant polarization, at least one compensation antenna element device or at least one compensation antenna element arrangement, whose associated polar diagram is changed or shifted in the opposite sense to the polar diagram of the at least one other antenna element arrangement as the polar diagram is increasingly depressed, and
• wherein, in the case of an antenna array having a compensation device or compensation arrangement with at least two dipole squares, the respectively parallel dipoles which are located closer together of the two dipole squares are connected to one another via a common connecting line, and are interconnected via an addition point, by means of an associated feed line.

A dual-polarized antenna array having a main lobe which can be depressed, comprising:

• plural antenna element arrangements, at least some of which are arranged on different height lines when seen in the vertical direction in front of a reflector,
• the antenna element arrangements being constructed and arranged such that two polarizations which are at right angles to one another can be received and/or transmitted via them, with the polarizations being aligned at an angle, inclined to the vertical, of approximately +45° on the one hand and −45° on the other hand,
• the antenna element arrangements comprising:
• (a) dipole structures, in the form of cruciform or cruciform-like dipole structures or in the form of square dipole structures, and/or
• (b) patch antenna elements having at least two or four feed points,
• further including the following further features:
• a compensation device or compensation arrangement for minimizing, for preventing or for overcompensation for movement drift, as a function of the depression angle, of the horizontal overall polar diagram in the horizontal or azimuth direction is provided for at least one or both polarizations,
• the compensation device or compensation arrangement comprising, with respect to the relevant polarization, at least one compensation antenna element device or at least one compensation antenna element arrangement, whose associated polar diagram is changed or shifted in the opposite sense to the polar diagram of the at least one other antenna element arrangement as the polar diagram is increasingly depressed, and
• wherein, in the case of an antenna array having a compensation device or a compensation arrangement having at least two patch antenna element which each have two pairs of feed points, the feed points which are in each case closer for the relevant polarization are in each case connected to one another via a connecting line, and are means of an associated feed line.

A dual-polarized antenna array having a main lobe which can be depressed, comprising:

• plural antenna element arrangements, at least some of which are arranged on different height lines when seen in the vertical direction in front of a reflector,
• the antenna element arrangements being constructed and arranged such that two polarizations which are at right angles to one another can be received and/or transmitted via them, with the polarizations being aligned at an angle, inclined to the vertical, of approximately +45° on the one hand and −45° on the other hand,
• the antenna element arrangements comprising:
• (a) dipole structures, in particular in the form of cruciform or cruciform-like dipole structures or in the form of square dipole structures, and/or
• (b) patch antenna elements having at least two or four feed points,
• further including the following further features:
• a compensation device or compensation arrangement for minimizing, for preventing or for overcompensation for movement drift, as a function of the depression angle, of the horizontal overall polar diagram in the horizontal or azimuth direction is provided for at least one or both polarizations,
• the compensation device or compensation arrangement comprising, with respect to the relevant polarization, at least one compensation antenna element device or at least one compensation antenna element arrangement, whose associated polar diagram is changed or shifted in the opposite sense to the polar diagram of the at least one other antenna element arrangement as the polar diagram is increasingly depressed, and
• wherein the compensation antenna element device or the compensation antenna element arrangement comprising a dipole square or a patch antenna element having two pairs of feed points for each polarization, with the mutually parallel dipoles of the square or the two feed points, which are provided for one polarization, of the patch antenna element of the compensation antenna element device or compensation antenna element arrangement being connected to the two inputs of a phase shifter.

A compensation antenna element arrangement comprising:

• at least one pair of vertical or horizontal antenna elements for a common polarization, said at least one pair of antenna elements being arranged with a horizontal offset and/or spaced apart from one another in the horizontal direction, symmetrically with respect to the vertical central plane of symmetry;
• a feed arrangement including a teed line, said feed arrangement feeding said at least one pair of antenna elements with a phase difference that is dependent on the depression angle of the antenna;
• and
• a compensation device coupled to said feed arrangement, said compensation device comprising at least two dipole squares providing parallel dipole elements, said parallel dipole elements being connected to one another via a common connecting line and being interconnected via an additional point by means of said feed line.

A dual-polarized antenna array having a main lobe which can be depressed, comprising:

• plural antenna element arrangements, at least some of which are arranged on different height lines when seen in the vertical direction in front of a reflector,
• the antenna element arrangements being constructed and arranged such that two polarizations which are at right angles to one another can be received and/or transmitted via them, with the polarizations being aligned at an angle, inclined to the vertical, of approximately +45° on the one hand and −45° on the other hand,
• the antenna element arrangements comprising at least one of:
• (a) dipole structures in the form of cruciform or cruciform-like dipole structures or in the form of square dipole structures, and
• (b) patch antenna elements having at least two or four feed points,
• the antenna element arrangements having at least one phase shifter or one phase shifter group,
• further including following further features:
• a compensation device or compensation arrangement for minimizing, for preventing or for overcompensation for movement drift, as a function of the depression angle, of the horizontal overall polar diagram in the horizontal or azimuth direction is provided for at least one or both polarizations, wherein:
• the compensation device or compensation arrangement comprising, with respect to the relevant polarization, at least one adjustable compensation antenna clement device or at least one compensation antenna element arrangement, whose associated polar diagram is changed or shifted in the opposite sense to the polar diagram of the at least one other antenna element arrangement as the polar diagram is increasingly depressed,
• wherein:
• the compensation antenna element device or compensation antenna element arrangement comprising, with respect to the relevant polarization, at least one patch antenna element with two feed points, or at least two patch antenna elements with at least one feed point, with the respective at least two feed points being arranged with a horizontal offset with respect to one another, or at a distance from one another, at least in the horizontal direction.

A dual-polarized antenna array having a main lobe which can be depressed, the antenna array, comprising:

• a reflector:
• plural dual-polarized antenna elements arranged in front of the reflector such that said elements are, in use, offset from one another in the vertical direction and the first and second polarizations are aligned at an angle, inclined to the vertical, of substantially ±45°,
• a compensation device for compensating for movement drift, as a function of the depression angle, of the polar diagram in the horizontal and/or azimuth direction for at least one of said first and second polarizations,
• the compensation device comprising at least one adjustable compensation antenna element device whose associated polar diagram is changed or shifted by an adjustable amount in the opposite sense to the polar diagram of the at least one other antenna element arrangement as the polar diagram is increasingly depressed.

A dual-polarized antenna array having a main lobe which can be depressed, said array having a changeable down tilt angle, said antenna array comprising:

• a reflector;
• plural antenna element arrangements, at least some of which are arranged on different height lines when seen in the vertical direction in front of the reflector,
• the antenna element arrangements being constructed and ranged for radiating and/or receiving two polarizations at right angles to one another, with the polarizations being aligned at an angle, inclined to the vertical, of approximately +45° on the one hand and −45° on the other hand,
• the antenna element arrangements comprising patch antenna elements, and
• at least one phase shifter coupled to the antenna element arrangement, adjustment of the adjustable phase shifter adjusting the antenna array downtilt angle,
• the arrangement further comprising a compensation arrangement for compensating for movement drift, as a function of the depression angle, of the horizontal overall polar diagram in the horizontal or azimuth direction for at least one of said polarizations,
• the compensation arrangement comprising at least one adjustable compensation antenna element arrangement, whose associated polar diagram is changed or shifted in the opposite sense to the polar diagram of the at least one other antenna element arrangement as the polar diagram is increasingly depressed.

A dual-polarized antenna array, having a main lobe which can be depressed, comprising:

• plural antenna element arrangements, at least some of which are arranged on different height lines when seen in the vertical direction in front of a reflector,
• the antenna element arrangements being constructed and arranged such that two polarizations which are at right angles to one another can be received and/or transmitted via them, with the polarizations being aligned at an angle, inclined to the vertical, of approximately +45° on the one hand and −45° on the other hand,
• the antenna element arrangements comprising;
• (a) dipole structures, in the form of cruciform or cruciform-like dipole structures or in the form of square dipole structures, and/or
• (b) patch antenna elements having at least two or four feed points,
• further including the following further features:
• a compensation device or compensation arrangement for minimizing, for preventing or for overcompensation for movement drift, as a function of the depression angle, of the horizontal overall polar diagram in the horizontal or azimuth direction is provided for at least one or both polarizations,
• the compensation device or compensation arrangement comprising, with respect to the relevant polarization, at least one compensation antenna element device or at least one compensation antenna element arrangement, whose associated polar diagram is changed or shifted in the opposite sense to the polar diagram of the at least one other antenna element arrangement as the polar diagram is increasingly depressed, and
• wherein the compensation antenna element arrangement or compensation antenna element device comprises at least one pair of antenna elements arranged such to receive or transmit in at least one polarization plane which is parallel to the at least one polarization plane in which the plural antenna elements are receiving or transmitting, which are arranged with a horizontal offset or spaced apart from one another in the horizontal direction with respect to a vertical central plane of symmetry, with the relevant pair of antenna elements arranged in parallel to the antenna element arrangements being fed with a phase difference which is dependent on the depression angle of the antenna.