Methods for embedding image, audio and video watermarks in digital data

A method for extracting digital watermarking image data or digital watermarking audio data from a digital image, audio, or video data sample, said method including the steps of:

• a) inputting a set of labeled digital data and unique key data containing information of locations of watermark data imposed as a label on the labeled digital data;
• b) mapping the set of labeled digital data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• c) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted labeled data to produce a set of labeled data transform coefficients;
• d) using the unique key to extract transform coefficients of orthogonally transformed watermark data from the locations in the set of labeled data transform coefficients specified in the key;
• e) using an inverse orthogonal transformation on the transformed watermark data to retrieve the embedded watermark data;
• wherein the step of formatting the labeled data includes the step of mapping the set of labeled data into a two-dimensional matrix and includes the step of dividing the two-dimensional matrix of labeled data into smaller sub-blocks and the step of performing the orthogonal transformation on the labeled data involves performing the orthogonal transform on each sub-block of the labeled data, such that the labeled data transform coefficients are organized in sub-blocks, including the step of ordering the orthogonal transformation coefficients of the labeled data in each sub-block into a one-dimensional array in approximately increasing frequency order, as hereinbefore defined, prior to extraction of the watermark data coefficients.

A method for extracting digital watermarking image data or digital watermarking audio data from a digital image, audio, or video data sample, said method including the steps of:

• a) inputting a set of labeled digital data and unique key data containing information of locations of watermark data imposed as a label on the labeled digital data,
• b) mapping the set of labeled digital data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• c) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted labeled data to produce a set of labeled data transform coefficients;
• d) using the unique key to extract transform coefficients of orthogonally transformed watermark data from the locations in the set of labeled data transform coefficients specified in the key;
• e) using an inverse orthogonal transformation on the transformed watermark data to retrieve the embedded watermark data;
• wherein after extraction of the watermark transform coefficients from the orthogonally transformed labeled data, the extracted watermark data transform coefficients are arranged into a number of one-dimensional arrays corresponding to the number of sub-blocks used in the process of encoding the watermark data into the labeled data and each one-dimensional array is then reordered into a two-dimensional sub-block prior to performing the inverse orthogonal transform on the watermark data transform coefficients in each sub-block.

A method for extracting digital watermarking image data or digital watermarking audio data from a digital image, audio, or video data sample, said method including the steps of:

• a) inputting a set of labeled digital data and unique key data containing information of locations of watermark data imposed as a label on the labeled digital data;
• b) mapping the set of labeled digital data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• c) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted labeled data to produce a set of labeled data transform coefficients;
• d) using the unique key to extract transform coefficients of orthogonally transformed watermark data from the locations in the set of labeled data transform coefficients specified in the key;
• e) using an inverse orthogonal transformation on the transformed watermark data to retrieve the embedded watermark data;
• wherein the transform coefficients of the watermark data embedded in the labeled digital data are compressed using a first scaling function and the method includes the step of expanding the compressed watermark data prior to the inverse orthogonal transformation using a second scaling function which is an inverse of the first scaling function.

A method for extracting digital watermarking image data or digital watermarking audio data from a digital image, audio, or video data sample as an aid to authenticating the source or authorization of unlabeled digital data for use or output, said method including the steps of:

• a) inputting a set of labeled digital data and unique key data containing information of locations of watermark data imposed as a label on the labeled digital data;
• b) mapping the set of labeled digital data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• c) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted labeled data to produce a set of labeled data transform coefficients;
• d) using the unique key to extract transform coefficients of orthogonally transformed watermark data from the locations in the set of labeled data transform coefficients specified in the
• e) using an inverse orthogonal transformation on the transformed watermark data to retrieve the embedded watermark data;
• f) formatting the embedded watermark data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• g) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted watermark data to reproduce the set of watermark data transform coefficients for use in generating the set of unlabeled digital data;
• wherein the orthogonal transform performed on the labeled data is selected from the group consisting of a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT);
• a Fourier transform;
• a Walsh-Hadamard transform;
• a Haar transform;
• a sine transform;
• and a Wavelet transform.

A method for extracting digital watermarking image data or digital watermarking audio data from a digital image, audio, or video data sample as an aid to authenticating the source or authorization of unlabeled digital data for use or output, said method including the steps of:

• a) inputting a set of labeled digital data and unique key data containing information of locations of watermark data imposed as a label on the labeled digital data;
• b) mapping the set of labeled digital data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• c) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted labeled data to produce a set of labeled data transform coefficients;
• d) using the unique key to extract transform coefficients of orthogonally transformed watermark data from the locations in the set of labeled data transform coefficients specified in the key;
• e) using an inverse orthogonal transformation on the transformed watermark data to retrieve the embedded watermark data
• f) formatting the embedded watermark data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• g) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted watermark data to reproduce the set of watermark data transform coefficients for use in generating the set of unlabeled digital data;
• wherein the inverse orthogonal transform performed on the watermark data is selected from the group consisting of an inverse Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT);
• an inverse Fourier transform;
• an inverse Walsh-Hadamard transform;
• an inverse Haar transform;
• an inverse sine transform;
• and an inverse Wavelet transform.

A method for extracting digital watermarking image data or digital watermarking audio data from a digital image, audio or video data sample as an aid to authenticating the source or authorization of unlabeled digital data for use or output, said method including the steps of:

• a) inputting a set of labeled digital data and unique key data containing information of locations of watermark data imposed as a label on the labeled digital data;
• b) mapping the set of labeled digital data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• c) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted labeled data to produce a set of labeled data transform coefficients;
• d) using the unique key to extract transform coefficients of orthogonally transformed watermark data from the locations in the set of labeled data transform coefficients specified in the key;
• e) using an inverse orthogonal transformation on the transformed watermark data to retrieve the embedded watermark data
• f) formatting the embedded watermark data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• g) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted watermark data to reproduce the set of watermark data transform coefficients for use in generating the set of unlabeled digital data;
• wherein the labeled digital data is obtained from a sample stream representing digitized video and the labeled digitized video is obtained from selected from the group consisting of a Video Compact Disc (VCD) played on a VCD player;
• a Laser Disc (LD) played on a LD player;
• a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) played on a DVD player;
• a digitized movie or still image contained within a video game or other software or a digital signal transmitted over a communications channel.

A method for extracting digital watermarking image data or digital watermarking audio data from a digital image, audio, or video data sample as an aid to authenticating the source or authorization of unlabeled digital data for use or output, said method including the steps of:

• a) inputting a set of labeled digital data and unique key data containing information of locations of watermark data imposed as a label on the labeled digital data:
• b) mapping the set of labeled digital data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation:
• c) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted labeled data to produce a set of labeled data transform coefficients:
• d) using the unique key to extract transform coefficients of orthogonally transformed watermark data from the locations in the set of labeled data transform coefficients specified in the
• e) using an inverse orthogonal transformation on the transformed watermark data to retrieve the embedded watermark data
• f) formatting the embedded watermark data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• g) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted watermark data to reproduce the set of watermark data transform coefficients for use in generating the set of unlabeled digital data;
• wherein the labeled digital data is obtained from a sample stream representing one or more channels of digitized sound or music and the labeled digitized sound or music is obtained from the group consisting of a Compact Disc (CD) played on a CD player;
• a Digital Audio Tape (DAT) played on a DAT player;
• a Laser Disc (LD) played on a LD player;
• from a Video Compact Disc (VCD) played on a VCD player.

A method for extracting digital watermarking image data or digital watermarking audio data from a digital image, audio, or video data sample as an aid to authenticating the source or authorization of unlabeled digital data for use or output, said method including the steps of:

• a) inputting a set of labeled digital data and unique key data containing information of locations of watermark data imposed as a label on the labeled digital data:
• b) mapping the set of labeled digital data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• c) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted labeled data to produce a set of labeled data transform coefficients;
• d) using the unique key to extract transform coefficients of orthogonally transformed watermark data from the locations in the set of labeled data transform coefficients specified in the
• e) using an inverse orthogonal transformation on the transformed watermark data to retrieve the embedded watermark data
• f) formatting the embedded watermark data into a format suitable for orthogonal transformation;
• g) performing an orthogonal transformation on the formatted watermark data to reproduce the set of watermark data transform coefficients for use in generating the set of unlabeled digital data;
• wherein the watermark digital data includes one or more data items selected from the group consisting of an owner's logo;
• an owner's trademark;
• a personal identification;
• an artist's recorded voice;
• and general terms for publisher distribution.