Immobilised ionic liquids
AssigneeJohnson Matthey PLC
InventorsEmmanuelle Sauvage, Michael H Valkenberg, Christovao P De Castro-Moreira, Wolfgang F Hoelderich
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Abstract
Ionic liquids are immobilized on a functionalized support which carries or contains one component of the ionic liquid, or a precursor to such a component. The ionic liquid may be immobilized via the anion by treating a support with an anion source, e.g., an inorganic halide, before the ionic liquid is applied or formed. Alternatively, the ionic liquid may be immobilized by having the cation covalently bound to the support, e.g., through silyl groups, or incorporated in the support by synthesizing the support in the presence of a suitable base. The immobilized ionic liquids are of use as catalysts, for example, for the Friedel-Crafts reaction, such as alkylation reaction.
Claims69
A process for preparing a supported ionic liquid having an organic cation and an anion, comprising attaching said organic cation to a solid support by covalent bonding, wherein said anion is a halide of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminium, gallium, iron, copper, zinc, indium, and tin.
A process for preparing a composition comprising:
- (i) forming a modified support material comprising:
- a) a support material;
- and
- b) a cation covalently bound to said support material;
- and
- (ii) introducing to said cation a composition comprising an anion;
- wherein said anion is a halide of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminium, gallium, iron, copper, zinc, indium, and tin;
- and
- wherein the combination of said cation and said anion corresponds to that of an ionic liquid.
A process for preparing a composition comprising:
- (i) forming a modified support material comprising:
- a) a support material;
- and
- b) a cation covalently bound to said support material;
- (ii) simultaneously forming an anion which is a halide of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminium, gallium, iron, copper, zinc, indium, and tin,
- wherein the combination of said cation and said anion corresponds to that of an ionic liquid.
A process for preparing a composition comprising:
- (i) forming a functionalized support material comprising:
- a) a support material;
- and
- b) a cation or cation precursor covalently bound to said support material;
- (ii) treating said functionalized support material with a composition comprising an anion or an anion precursor;
- (iii) if said cation precursor is present, forming said cation;
- and
- (iv) if said anion precursor is present, forming said anion;
- wherein the combination of said cation and said anion corresponds to that of an ionic liquid and wherein said anion is a halide of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminium, gallium, iron, copper, zinc, indium, and tin.
A process for preparing a composition comprising:
- (i) forming in the absence of an ionic liquid, a functionalized support material comprising:
- a) a support material;
- and
- b) an anion or an anion precursor covalently bound to said support material;
- (ii) treating said functionalized support material with a composition comprising a cation or a cation precursor;
- (iii) if said cation precursor is present, forming said cation;
- and
- (iv) if said anion precursor is present, forming said anion;
- wherein the combination of said cation and said anion corresponds to that of an ionic liquid.
A process for preparing an immobilised ionic liquid and composition comprising a cation, an anion and a support material, said cation and anion forming, in the absence of the support material, an ionic compound which is a liquid, and said cation being covalently bound to said support material, the process steps comprising:
- (i) forming a functionalized support material comprising:
- a) a support material;
- and
- b) a cation or cation precursor covalently bound to said support material;
- (ii) treating said functionalized support material with an ionic liquid comprising an anion;
- and
- (iii) if said cation precursor is present, forming said cation,
- wherein said anion is a halide of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminium, gallium, iron, copper, zinc, indium, and tin.
A process for preparing a composition comprising:
- (i) forming in the absence of an ionic liquid, a functionalized support material comprising:
- a) a support material;
- and
- b) an anion or an anion precursor covalently bound to said support material;
- (ii) thereafter treating said functionalized support material with an ionic liquid comprising a cation;
- (iii) if said anion precursor is present, forming said anion;
- wherein the combination of said cation and said anion corresponds to that of an ionic liquid.
A composition comprising:
- a) a solid support material;
- b) a cation covalently bonded to said solid support material;
- and
- c) an anion which is a halide of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminium, gallium, iron, copper, zinc, indium, and tin,
- wherein an ionic compound formed from said cation and said anion would be a liquid in the absence of a support.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.