Materials and methods for the treatment of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and atherosclerosis

A compound comprising Formula II:

• wherein a is 0;
• Q is H or CH3;
• A is O;
• P is absent;
• R1 is —(C═O)OH or —(C═O)O—C1-6 alkyl;
• and
• R2 is a hydrogen atom;
• C1-3 alkyl;
• C1-6 alkoxy;
• C0-3 alkylenephenyl, wherein the phenyl ring is, optionally, substituted by 1 or more halogen atoms;
• tetrazole ring;
• (C═O)OH;
• (C═O)O—C1-6 alkyl;
• (C═O)bNR5R6, wherein b is 0 or 1;
• R5 is H or C1-6 alkyl, and R6 is H or B(C═O)cDR7 or B(CHOH)cDR7, where c is 0 or 1, B is a bond, a C1-6 alkylene, a C2-6 alkenylene, a C4-6 cycloalkenylene, a phenyl optionally substituted by 1 or more C1-3 alkyl groups and/or 1 or more halogen atoms, or a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group containing at least 1 or optionally 2 heteroatoms, including any combination of O, N, or S at any position, D is a bond, a C1-3 alkyleneoxy, —O—, —NH—, or —N(C1-3alkyl)-, R7 is C1-6 alkyl, C4-6 cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, phenyl optionally substituted by 1 or more halogen atoms, C1-3 alkyl, C1-3 alkoxy, C0-3 alkyleneNR8R9 (each of R8 and R9 being independently H, C1-3 alkyl, SO2C1-3alkyl, (C═O)OC1-3 alkyl, SO2NHC1-3 alkyl), C0-3 alkylene(C═O)OC1-3 alkyl, OCH2(C═O)NH2, a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring containing at least 1 or optionally 2 heteroatoms, and including any combination of O, N, or S at any position, or a fused bicyclic ring containing a benzene ring fused with a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring containing at least 1 heteroatom, including O, N, or S at any position, and optionally substituted by an oxo (═O) group, wherein said bicyclic fused ring can be attached to D via a ring atom of the heterocyclic ring either directly or through a C1-6 alkylene ER10, where E is O, S, or —NR11;
• R10 and R11 being independently H or C1-3 alkyl;
• R3 and R4 are, optionally, the same or different and each is H, CH3, CF3, OCH3, or a halogen atom;
• d is 1;
• X is
• Y is one of the following:
• in which the nitrogen atom is attached to X as defined above and in which the 2-position of the pyrrolidine ring is attached to Z, either directly or through a methylene group;
• Z is —(C═O)O.