Non-aqueous electrochemical apparatus
AssigneeMatsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
InventorsKazuya Iwamoto, Takafumi Oura, Kumiko Sonoda, Makino Hatazaki, Hiroshi Yoshizawa, Shinji Nakanishi
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Abstract
The invention relates to a non-aqueous electrochemical apparatus in which the difference (γl−γse) between the surface tension γl of non-aqueous electrolyte and the surface free energy γse of electrode is not more than 10 dynes/cm.
Claims27
A non-aqueous electrochemical apparatus where the difference (γl−γse) between the surface tension γl of electrolyte and the surface free energy γse of electrode is not more than 10 dynes/cm, wherein γl is more than γse.
A non-aqueous electrochemical apparatus where the difference (γl−γss) between the surface tension γl of electrolyte and the surface free energy γss of separator interposed between electrodes is not more than 10 dynes/cm, wherein γl is more than γss.
A non-aqueous electrochemical apparatus where the difference (γl−γse) between the surface tension γl of electrolyte and the surface free energy γse of electrode is not more than 10 dynes/cm and the difference (γl−γss) between the surface tension γl of electrolyte and the surface free energy γss of separator is not more than 10 dynes/cm, wherein γl is more than γse and γl is more than γss.
A non-aqueous electrochemical apparatus comprising solid elements having a surface free energy of 1-35 dynes/cm where the surface tension of electrolyte is 10-45 dynes/cm and is greater than the surface free energy of the solid elements.
A non-aqueous electrochemical apparatus comprising a fluorine-containing surface active agent according to formula (2) CnF2n+1—X—(CH2—CH2—O)m—Y in which —X— is —CONH—, —Y is —H, —OH, —CH3, —PO3W2 or —SO3W (W is an alkali metal), n is 3-10, and m is 2-100.
A non-aqueous electrochemical apparatus comprising solid elements having a surface free energy of 1-35 dynes/cm where the surface tension of electrolyte is 10-45 dynes/cm, wherein
- the solid elements are electrodes containing a carbon material;
- and
- the electrolyte contains a fluorine-containing surface active agent, comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of fluoroalkyl(C2-C20)carboxylic acids, disodium N-perfluorooctanesulfonylglutamate, sodium 3-[fluoroalkyl(C6-C11)oxy]-1-alkyl(C3-C4)sulfonate, sodium 3-[ω-fluoroalkanoyl(C6-C8)-N-ethylamino]-1-propanesulfonate, N-[3-(perfluorooctanesulfonamide)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-N-carboxymethylene ammonium betaine, perfluoroalkylcarboxylic acids (C7-C13), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid diethanolamide, perfluoroalkyl(C4-C12)sulfonates (Li, Na, K), N-propyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)perfluorooctanesulfonamide, perfluoroalkyl(C6-C10)sulfonamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts, perfluoroalkyl(C6-C10)-N-ethylsulfonylglycine salts (K), bis(N-perfluorooctylsulfonyl-N-ethylaminoethyl) phosphate, monoperfluoroalkyl(C6-C16)ethylphosphoric acid esters, and perflucroalkylethylene oxide adducts, wherein the fluorine-containing surface active agent is shown by the formula (2):
- CnF2n+1—X—(CH2—CH2—O)m—Y in which —Y is —H, —OH, —CH3, —PO3W2 or —SO3W (W is an alkali metal), n is 3-10, and m is 2-100, and —X— is —CONH—.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.