Field concentrators for artificial dielectric systems and devices

A method of locally concentrating an applied electric field to promote chemical reaction having a dispersion of individual field concentrators at a location selected from the group consisting of on the surface of a substrate, embedded on a substrate, and embedded on the surface of a substrate, wherein the individual field concentrators consists of shaped material and the shape and material are capable of producing a locally concentrated electric field in the vicinity of the field concentrator from interaction between the field concentrator and the applied electric field, wherein the size of an individual field concentrator is less than 20 times the depth of penetration of at least one wavelength of applied electromagnetic energy in the material that the individual field concentrator is constructed of.