Method for perchlorate removal from ground water
AssigneeThe Penn State Research Foundation
InventorsFred S. Cannon, Robert B. Parette, Chongzheng Na, Weifang Chen, Benjamin Hagerup
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A method for removing perchlorate or other anionic contaminates from ground water which comprises the step of passing the ground water over activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon has been either preloaded with an organic cation functional group or organic cation polymer or cationic monomer, or tailored with ammonium or other reduced nitrogen-containing compound.
Claims50
A method for removing perchlorate from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over an activated carbon material that has been loaded with an organic cation polymer or cationic monomer having thereon functional groups;
- wherein said functional groups on said organic cation polymer or cationic monomer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of:
- quaternary ammonia, amines, imines, amides, imides, pyrrolic nitrogen, and pyridinic nitrogen;
- and
- wherein said activated carbon material is selected from the group consisting of:
- bituminous carbon and lignite carbon.
A method for removing perchlorate from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over an activated carbon material that has been loaded with an organic cation polymer or cationic monomer;
- and
- regenerating said cation-loaded activated carbon material via thermal treatment, whereby said cation-loaded activated carbon material has a bed volume life of at least about 10% of initially treated cation-loaded activated carbon material.
A method for removing perchlorate from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over an activated carbon material that has been loaded with an organic cation polymer or cationic monomer;
- and
- adjusting the pH of said fluid prior to passing over said cation-loaded activated carbon material such that said pH of said fluid is in the range between about 3.0 to 9.0.
A method for removing perchlorate from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over a functionalized carbonaceous material, wherein said carbonaceous material is functionalized by treating said carbonaceous material with ammonia or other reduced nitrogen-containing compound at a temperature below about 700° C.;
- wherein said carbonaceous material is selected from the group consisting of:
- bituminous carbon and lignite carbon.
A method for removing perchlorate from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over a functionalized carbonaceous material, wherein said carbonaceous material is functionalized by treating said carbonaceous material with ammonia or other reduced nitrogen-containing compound at a temperature below about 700° C.;
- and
- regenerating said functionalized carbonaceous material via thermal treatment, whereby said functionalized carbonaceous material has a bed volume life of at least about 10% of initially treated functionalized carbonaceous material.
A method for removing perchlorate from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over a functionalized carbonaceous material, wherein said carbonaceous material is functionalized by treating said carbonaceous material with ammonia or other reduced nitrogen-containing compound at a temperature below about 700° C.;
- and
- adjusting the pH of said fluid prior to passing over said functionalized activated carbon material such that said pH of said fluid is in the range between about 3.0 to 9.0.
A method for removing anionic contaminants from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over a functionalized activated carbon material;
- and
- regenerating said functionalized activated carbon material via thermal treatment, whereby said functionalized activated carbon material has a bed volume life of at least about 10% of initially treated functionalized activated carbon material.
A method for removing anionic contaminants from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over a functionalized activated carbon material;
- and
- adjusting the pH of said fluid prior to passing over said functionalized activated carbon material such that said pH of said fluid is in the range between about 3.0 to 9.0.
A functionalized activated carbon material which exhibits a positive surface charge greater than about 0.09 milliequivalents/gram, as measured in accordance with the Surface Charge Titration Protocol at a pH of 7.5, provided that it also exhibits a BET surface area greater than 850 m2/g as measured in accordance with the BET Surface Area protocol;
- wherein said activated carbon material is functionalized by loading with a cationic polymer or monomer.
A functionalized activated carbon material which exhibits a positive surface charge greater than about 0.09 milliequivalents/gram, as measured in accordance with the Surface Charge Titration Protocol at a DH of 7.5. Provided that it also exhibits a BET surface area greater than 850 m2/q as measured in accordance with the BET Surface Area protocol;
- wherein said activated carbon material is functionalized with nitrogen containing functional groups.
A functionalized activated carbon material which exhibits a positive surface charge greater than about 0.09 milliequivalents/gram, as measured in accordance with the Surface Charge Titration Protocol at a pH of 7.5;
- wherein said activated carbon material is functionalized by loading with a cationic polymer or monomer.
A method for removing perchlorate from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over an activated carbon material that has been loaded with an organic cation polymer or cationic monomer;
- and
- regenerating said cation-loaded activated carbon material via thermal treatment, whereby said cation-loaded activated carbon material has a bed volume life of at least about 10% of initially treated cation-loaded activated carbon material;
- wherein said functional groups on said organic cation polymer or cationic monomer include at least one selected from the group consisting of:
- quaternary ammonia, amines, imines, amides, imides, pyrrolic nitrogen, and pyridinic nitrogen;
- wherein said activated carbon material is selected from the group consisting of:
- bituminous carbon and lignite carbon.
A method for removing perchlorate from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over an activated carbon material that has been loaded with an organic cation polymer or cationic monomer;
- and
- adjusting the pH of said fluid prior to passing over said cation-loaded activated carbon material such that said pH of said fluid is in the range between about 3.0 to 9.0;
- wherein said functional groups on said organic cation polymer or cationic monomer include at least one selected from the group consisting of:
- quaternary ammonia, amines, imines, amides, imides, pyrrolic nitrogen, and pyridinic nitrogen;
- wherein said activated carbon material is selected from the group consisting of:
- bituminous carbon and lignite carbon.
A method for removing anionic contaminants from a fluid comprising:
- passing said fluid over an activated carbon material that has been loaded with an organic cation polymer or cationic monomer having thereon functional groups;
- wherein said functional groups on said organic cation polymer or cationic monomer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of:
- quaternary ammonia, amines, imines, amides, imides, pyrrolic nitrogen, and pyridinic nitrogen;
- and
- wherein said activated carbon material is selected from the group consisting of:
- bituminous carbon and lignite carbon.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.