Multicell reactors
OwnerRod F. Gimpel, Dennis J. Cravens +3inventors
InventorsRod F. Gimpel, Dennis J. Cravens, John S. Frick, Vince F. Golubic, Dennis G. Letts
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An electrolytic reactor system for producing non-joule heat has a plurality of small cells arranged in an interconnected array, wherein each cell is characterized by having a relatively small cathode separated from a relatively large anode by a small gap, with the cells immersed in an electrolytic bath.
Claims25
An electrolytic cell unit, for increasing electron flow, proton/deuteron fluxes and overpotential in boundary layers at the cathode surface, comprising:
- a proton/deuteron conductive media;
- a cathode, having a surface area not exceeding approximately 0.25 square centimeters and not exceeding approximately 0.5 mm in thickness, immersed in the conductive media;
- an anode having a surface area greater than the cathode, immersed in the conductive media, with a gap between the cathode and anode of approximately two millimeters;
- and
- an insulator disposed between the anode and cathode materials to prevent contact thereof and maintain the gap.
An electrolytic plasma cell unit, for increasing electron flow and proton/deuteron fluxes and increased overpotential in boundary layers at the cathode surface, comprising:
- a proton/deuteron conductive media;
- a cathode having a surface area significantly less than 0.25 sq. cm. immersed in the proton/deuteron conductive media;
- an anode submersed in the proton/deuteron conductive media and having a large surface area relative to the cathode;
- a gap of no more than 4 mm between the cathode and anode;
- an insulator disposed between the anode and cathode to prevent contact therebetween and maintain the gap;
- and
- a voltage differential of at least 50 volts imposed across the anode and cathode so as to iniate a plasma at the cathode surface and create a voltage drop through the cathode boundary layers, with a consequent overpotential condition.
An electrolytic reactor comprising:
- a proton/deuteron conductive media;
- a nonconductive substrate;
- a plurality of cathodes having an aggregate surface area, immersed in the conductive media and affixed to the nonconductive substrate;
- an anode immersed in the conductive media, where it is also affixed to the nonconductive substrate, the anode having a surface area greater than the aggregate cathode area, with a cathode receiving aperture for each cathode, the apertures being sized and arranged to provide a gap between the cathode and each anode of approximately two millimeters;
- a common negative (−) lead connected to, and terminating, the plurality of cathodes;
- a common positive (+) lead connected to, and terminating the anode;
- and
- means for applying a voltage potential of up to 50 volts across the positive and negative leads.
A method for making an electrolytic reactor comprising the steps of:
- providing a proton/deuteron conductive media;
- providing one or more non-conductive substrate sheets;
- affixing an anode layer having a plurality of uniformly spaced cathode receiving apertures to each substrate sheet;
- affixing cathodes of uniform surface area at the center of each aperture;
- on each of the one or more non-conductive substrate sheets, so that the sheet aggregate cathode area is less than the sheet anode area and a uniform gap is provided between the cathodes and the anode;
- immersing the one or more non-conductive substrate sheets in the conductive media;
- connecting a common negative (−) lead to, and terminating, all of the cathodes;
- and
- connecting a common positive (+) lead to, and terminating all of the anodes.
An electrolytic reactor comprising:
- a plurality of cathodes having a surface area significantly less than 0.25 sq cm (each), immersed in the proton/deuteron conductive media, and having a large surface area relative to the cathode area,
- a gap of no more than 4 mm between each cathode and anode;
- an insulator disposed between the anode and cathode to prevent contact therebetween and maintain the gap;
- and
- a common negative (−) lead connected to, and terminating, the plurality of cathodes;
- a common positive (+) lead connected to, and terminating the plurality of anodes;
- and
- means for applying a voltage potential of at least 50 volts across the anode and cathode leads.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.