# US 6,721,327 B1 · Delayed packet concealment method and apparatus > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 6,721,327 B1 - Document ID: US6721327B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 09/312,557 - Filed: 1999-05-14 - Granted: 2004-04-13 - Earliest claimed: 1998-05-14 - Assignees: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) - Inventors: Erik Ekudden; Tomas Gunde Svensson; Jim Sundqvist - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US6721327B1 ## CPC - H04L 12/6418: {Hybrid transport} - H04L 2012/6481: {Speech, voice} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A decoder improves delayed packet concealment in a packet network by using two decoder sections. A first decoder section bases its decoding during the concealment phase on erroneous filter states and a set of speech parameters, whereas a second decoder section bases its decoding on saved and updated filter states and the same speech parameters. The outputs of the two decoder sections are thereafter combined to form the final speech signal. This decoding strategy produces a speech signal with smooth transitions from delayed to non-delayed packets and uses information from the most recent packets for speech generation. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A delayed packet concealment method in a packet network that uses delayed frame parameters to improve concealment of delayed packets, said method including the following steps when a packet is delayed: saving a copy of an initial decoder state that existed after decoding the last nondelayed packet; decoding and concealing packet delay by using predicted frame parameters and said initial decoder state, thereby producing an erroneous initial decoder state; decoding by using updated frame parameters from said delayed packet and said saved initial decoder state, thereby producing a corrected initial decoder state; decoding by using a set of frame parameters and said erroneous initial decoder state, thereby producing a first output signal and a further erroneous initial decoder state; decoding by using said set of frame parameters and said corrected initial decoder state, thereby producing a second output signal; and combining said first and second output signals. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said set of frame parameters is obtained from a packet that is not delayed. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said set of frame parameters is predicted from a previous packet when a further packet is delayed. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, further including: saving a copy of said corrected initial decoder state; decoding by using updated frame parameters from said further delayed packet and said saved corrected initial decoder state, thereby producing a further corrected initial decoder state; decoding by using a further set of frame parameters and said further erroneous initial decoder state, thereby producing a third output signal; decoding by using said further set of frame parameters and said further corrected initial decoder state, thereby producing a fourth output signal; and combining said third and fourth output signals. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein said further set of frame parameters is obtained from a packet that is not delayed. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein said further set of frame parameters is predicted from a previous packet when still another packet is delayed. ### Claim 7 A decoding method in a packet network that uses delayed frame parameters to improve concealment of delayed packets, said method including the steps: saving a copy of a correct initial decoder state in case of packet delay; producing a first decoded output signal by using an erroneous initial decoder state obtained from concealment of at least one delayed packet and a set of frame parameters; decoding delayed packets using said saved initial decoder state in order to update said saved initial decoder state; producing a second decoded output signal based on said updated initial decoder state and said set of frame parameters; and combining said first and second output signals. ### Claim 8 A delayed packet concealment apparatus in a packet network that uses delayed frame parameters to improve concealment of delayed packets, said apparatus including: means for saving a copy of an initial decoder state that existed after decoding the last non-delayed packet; means for decoding and concealing packet delay by using predicted frame parameters and said initial decoder state, thereby producing an erroneous initial decoder state; means for decoding by using updated frame parameters from said delayed packet and said saved initial decoder state, thereby producing a corrected initial decoder state; means for decoding by using a set of frame parameters and said erroneous initial decoder state, thereby producing a first output signal and a further erroneous initial decoder state; means for decoding by using said set of frame parameters and said corrected initial decoder state, thereby producing a second output signal; and means for combining said first and second output signals. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, including means for extracting said set of frame parameters from a packet that is not delayed. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, including means for predicting said set of frame parameters from a previous packet when a further packet is delayed. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, including: means for saving a copy of said corrected initial decoder state; means for decoding by using updated frame parameters from said further delayed packet and said saved corrected initial decoder state, thereby producing a further corrected initial decoder state; means for decoding by using a further set of frame parameters and said further erroneous initial decoder state, thereby producing a third output signal; means for decoding by using said further set of frame parameters and said further corrected initial decoder state, thereby producing a fourth output signal; and means for combining said third and fourth output signals. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, including means for extracting said further set of frame parameters from a packet that is not delayed. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, including means for predicting said further set of frame parameters from a previous packet when still another packet is delayed. ### Claim 14 A decoder in a packet network that uses delayed frame parameters to improve concealment of delayed packets, said decoder including: a memory for saving a copy of a correct initial decoder state in case of packet delay; a first decoder section for producing a first decoded output signal by using an erroneous initial decoder state obtained from concealment of at least one delayed packet and a set of frame parameters; a second decoder section used for decoding delayed packets using said saved initial decoder state in order to update said saved initial decoder state, and for producing a second decoded output signal based on said updated initial decoder state and said set of frame parameters; and means for combining said first and second output signals. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The decoder of claim 14, wherein said decoder sections are implemented by using a micro/signal processor combination which implements said first decoder section during first time intervals and said second decoder section during second time intervals.