# US 6,718,789 B1 · Pipe freezer with defrost cycle

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- Number: US 6,718,789 B1
- Document ID: US6718789B1
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B1
- Application number: 10/428,283
- Filed: 2003-05-02
- Granted: 2004-04-13
- Earliest claimed: 2002-05-04
- Inventors: Arthur Radichio
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US6718789B1

## CPC

- F16L 55/103: by temporarily freezing liquid sections in the pipe
- F25B 47/022: {hot gas defrosting}
- F25B 47/025: {by reversing the cycle}
- F25D 15/00: Devices not covered by group F25D11/00 or F25D13/00, e.g. non-self-contained movable devices
- Y10T 137/0391: Affecting flow by the addition of material or energy
- Y10T 137/2196: Acoustical or thermal energy
- Y10T 137/4643: Liquid valves
- F16L: PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F25B: REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25D: REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (refrigerated showcases A47F3/04; thermally-insulated vessels for domestic use A47J41/00; refrigerated vehicles, see the appropriate subclasses of classes B60 - B64; containers with thermal insulation in general B65D81/38; heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants, or materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion C09K5/00; thermally-insulated vessels for liquefied or solidified gases F17C; air-conditioning or air-humidification F24F; refrigeration machines, plants, or systems F25B; cooling of instruments or comparable apparatus without refrigeration G12B)
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

A compact, inexpensive pipe freezer with defrost cycle for forming a frozen ice plug in a section of pipe to be repaired, and, after the repair operation has been completed, defrosting the pipe freezer's evaporator and freeze heads so that the pipe freezer can be removed from the frozen pipe without damaging the pipe freezer.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A pipe freezer with defrost cycle, said pipe freezer having a freezing mode and a defrost mode, said pipe freezer comprising a refrigeration unit, said refrigeration unit comprising:
(a) compressor for compressing a refrigerant from a low pressure to a high pressure;
(b) a condenser downstream of the compressor for condensing the refrigerant from a high temperature gas to a lower temperature liquid;
(c) a discharge line extending from the compressor to the condenser for transporting refrigerant from the compressor to the condenser;
(d) an evaporator having an inner chamber, said evaporator having:
(i) a feeder tube extending into the evaporator and protruding into the inner chamber of the evaporator for moving:
1. during the freezing mode, a refrigerant into the inner chamber of the evaporator at a predetermined rate, said feeder tube thus functioning as a refrigerant line, and
2. during the defrost mode, a hot gas into the inner chamber of the evaporator at a predetermined rate, said feeder tube thus functioning as a hot gas line;
(ii) a suction line having a length, said suction line extending out of the evaporator for moving:
1. during the freezing mode, evaporated refrigerant out of the inner chamber of the evaporator, and transporting the evaporated refrigerant back to the compressor, and
2. during the defrost mode, hot gas out of the inner chamber of the evaporator, and transporting the hot gas back to the compressor;
wherein said feeder tube runs internal to the suction line for at least a portion of the length of the suction line;
(e) a liquid line having an inlet and an outlet, said liquid line receiving refrigerant from the condenser at said inlet, and having a metering device at said outlet for metering liquid refrigerant into the feeder tube; and
(f) means for modifying access to the condenser in defrost mode.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The pipe freezer with defrost cycle of claim 1, wherein the feeder tube runs internal to the suction line for the full length of the feeder tube.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The pipe freezer with defrost cycle of claim 1, wherein the means for modifying access to the condenser in defrost mode comprises:
(a) a tee in the feeder tube;
(b) a hot gas line from the compressor to the tee in the feeder tube, said tee in the feeder tube thus performing the function of incorporating said hot gas line into said feeder tube;
(c) a hot gas valve in said hot gas line, wherein,
(i) when said pipe freezer is in the freeze mode, the metering device and the hot gas valve cooperate to allow communication between the condenser and the evaporator, said feeder tube receiving refrigerant from the metering device which received refrigerant from the condenser and transporting said refrigerant to the evaporator, said feeder tube thus functioning as a refrigerant line; and,
(ii) when said pipe freezer is in the defrost mode, the metering device and the hot gas valve cooperate to allow communication between the compressor and the evaporator, thus modifying access to the condenser by bypassing the condenser altogether,
whereby said hot gas line in conjunction with said feeder tube facilitates communication between the compressor and the evaporator in the defrost mode by transporting hot refrigerant gas from the compressor to the evaporator.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The pipe freezer with defrost cycle of claim 3, further comprising a switch for piloting the hot gas valve.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The pipe freezer with defrost cycle of claim 3, wherein the means for modifying access to the condenser in defrost mode further comprises a tee on the discharge line for diverting the hot refrigerant gas away from the condenser, and toward the evaporator.

### Claim 6

A pipe freezer with defrost cycle, said pipe freezer having a freezing mode and a defrost mode, said pipe freezer comprising a refrigeration unit, said refrigeration unit comprising:
(a) a compressor for compressing a refrigerant from a low pressure to a high pressure;
(b) a condenser downstream of the compressor for condensing the refrigerant from a high temperature gas to a lower temperature liquid;
(c) a discharge line extending from the compressor to the condenser for transporting refrigerant from the compressor to the condenser;
(d) an evaporator having an inner chamber, said evaporator having:
(i) a feeder tube extending into the evaporator and protruding into the inner chamber of the evaporator for moving:
1. during the freezing mode, a refrigerant into the inner chamber of the evaporator at a predetermined rate, said feeder tube thus functioning as a refrigerant line, and
2. during the defrost mode, a hot gas into the inner chamber of the evaporator at a predetermined rate, said feeder tube thus functioning as a hot gas line;
(ii) a suction line having a length, said suction line extending out of the evaporator for moving:
1. during the freezing mode, evaporated refrigerant out of the inner chamber of the evaporator, and transporting the evaporated refrigerant back to the compressor, and
2. during the defrost mode, hot gas out of the inner chamber of the evaporator, and transporting the hot gas back to the compressor;
wherein said feeder tube runs internal to said suction line for at least a portion of the length of the suction line;
(e) a tee on the discharge line for diverting the hot refrigerant gas away from the condenser, and toward the evaporator;
(f) a liquid line having an inlet and an outlet, said liquid line receiving refrigerant from the condenser at said inlet, and having a metering device at said outlet for metering liquid refrigerant into the feeder tube;
(g) means for modifying access to the condenser in defrost mode, said means comprising:
(i) a tee in the feeder tube;
(ii) a hot gas line from the compressor to the tee in the feeder tube, said tee in the feeder tube thus performing the function of incorporating said hot gas line into said feeder tube;
(iii) a hot gas valve in said hot gas line, wherein,
(1) when said pipe freezer is in the freeze mode, the metering device and the hot gas valve cooperate to allow communication between the condenser and the evaporator, said feeder tube receiving refrigerant from the metering device which received refrigerant from the condenser and transporting it to the evaporator, said feeder tube thus functioning as a refrigerant line; and,
(2) when said pipe freezer is in the defrost mode, the metering device and the hot gas valve cooperate to allow communication between the compressor and the evaporator, thus modifying access to the condenser by bypassing the condenser altogether;
(iv) a switch for piloting the hot gas valve;
whereby said hot gas line in conjunction with said feeder tube facilitates communication between the compressor and the evaporator in the defrost mode by transporting hot refrigerant gas from the compressor to the evaporator.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The pipe freezer with defrost cycle of claim 6, wherein the feeder tube runs internal to the suction line for the full length of the feeder tube.