Lithium metal oxide electrodes for lithium cells and batteries
AssigneeThe University of Chicago
InventorsMichael M. Thackeray, Christopher S. Johnson, Khalil Amine, Jaekook Kim
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Abstract
A lithium metal oxide positive electrode for a non-aqueous lithium cell is disclosed. The cell is prepared in its initial discharged state and has a general formula xLiMO2.(1−x)Li2M′O3 in which 0<x<1, and where M is one or more ion with an average trivalent oxidation state and with at least one ion being Mn or Ni, and where M′ is one or more ion with an average tetravalent oxidation state. Complete cells or batteries are disclosed with anode, cathode and electrolyte as are batteries of several cells connected in parallel or series or both.
Claims18
A lithium metal oxide positive electrode for a non-aqueous lithium cell prepared in its initial discharged state having a general formula xLiMO2.(1−x)Li2M′O3 in which 0<x<1, and where M is one or more ions with an average oxidation state of three with at least one ion being Mn, and where M′ is one or more ions with an average oxidation state of four, with both the LiMO2 and Li2M′O3;
- components being layered and the ratio of Li to M and M′ being greater than one and less than two.
A hydrothermal method for synthesizing a lithium metal oxide positive electrode xLiMO2.(1−x)Li2M′O3 in which 0<x<1, and where M is one or more ions with an average oxidation state of three with at least one ion being Mn, and where M′ is one or more ions with an average oxidation state of four, with both the LiMO2 and Li2M′O3 components being layered and the ratio of Li to M and M′ being greater than one and less than two, in which the synthesis occurs in an autoclave, at a pressure between 5 and 35 atmospheres and at a temperature between 100 and 250° C.
An electrochemical cell having a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte and a positive electrode, said positive electrode having in its initial discharged state, a general formula xLiMO2.(1−x)Li2M′O3 in which 0<x<1, and where M is one or more ions having an average oxidation state of three and having at least one ion being Mn and where M′ is one or more ions having an average oxidation state of four, with both the LiMO2 and Li2M′O3 components being layered and the ratio of Li to M and M′ being greater than one and less than two.
A battery consisting of a plurality of cells, at least some cells including a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte and a positive electrode, said positive electrode in its initial discharged state, a general formula xLiMO2.(1−x)Li2M′O3 in which 0<x<1, and where M is one ion being Mn and where M′ is one or more ions having an average oxidation state of four, with both the LiMO2 and Li2M′O3 components being layered and the ratio of Li to M and M′ being greater than one and less than two, connected in series and/or in parallel.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.