Electromagnetic actuator, optical scanner and method of preparing electromagnetic actuator

An electromagnetic actuator comprising:

• a stationary member including a first core section carrying a first coil wound around a periphery thereof;
• a movable member including a second core section carrying a second coil wound around a periphery thereof, said stationary member and said movable member being arranged with a pair of gaps to form a closed magnetic circuit by way of said first core section, one of the pair of gaps, said second core section and the other of the pair of gaps;
• a support member including a spring displaceably supporting said movable member relative to said stationary member;
• and
• an electric current source for supplying electricity to said first coil and said second coil,
• wherein said first coil and said second coil are connected in series to said electric current source to generate a magnetic flux which runs through the closed magnetic circuit, a magnetic force being attractive or repulsive between said stationary member and said movable member according to the winding direction of said first coil or said second coil, and
• wherein a displacement of said electromagnetic actuator is obtained from a balanced relationship of a force generated by said spring and the magnetic force.