Methods of inhibiting proliferative diseases by inhibiting TGF-β-mediated angiogenesis

A method of inhibiting a proliferative disease in a vertebrate, wherein the proliferative disease is characterized by cells that secrete endogenous TGF-β and the disease is further characterized by angiogenesis, comprising inhibiting endogenous TGF-β activity by contacting the proliferating cells with less than 5 mg of an anti-TGF-β antibody, resulting in the inhibition of endogenous TGF-β-mediated angiogenesis, thereby inhibiting the proliferative disease, wherein the proliferative disease is selected from the group consisting of benign tumors and malignant tumors, and wherein the proliferative disease is clear-cell renal carcinoma.