Method of cyanide salt production
OwnerMichael F. Ray, Marcus Rajchelinventors
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Abstract
Methods for producing cyanide salts using a metathesis process using ion exchange to facilitate a double-decomposition reaction where components of a cyanide-containing compound are exchanged to produce a cyanide salt product are provided. In one embodiment of the invention, HCN may be converted to an alkali salt using a base. The alkali cyanide salt undergoes ion-exchange to yield the desired cyanide salt product. In another embodiment of the invention, hydrogen cyanide is directly converted to cyanide salts in an ion exchange bed without first being converted to a basic salt.
Claims18
A method of making a compound selected from the group consisting of:
- Group IA and IIA cyanide salts comprising:
- (a) contacting hydrogen cyanide with calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate to produce calcium cyanide;
- and either
- (b) reacting said calcium cyanide with an ion-exchange media containing a first exchangeable anion so that said cyanide is exchanged with said first exchangeable anion and reacting said media with a solution of a second exchangeable anion and a Group IA or Group IIA metal ion, whereby the second exchangeable anion exchanges with said cyanide, forming a Group IA or Group IIA cyanide solution;
- or
- (c) reacting said calcium cyanide with an ion-exchange media containing a first exchangeable cation selected from the group consisting of:
- Group IA and Group IIA metal cations so that said calcium is exchanged with said first exchangeable cation and a Group IA or Group IIA cyanide solution is formed.
A method of making a Group IA or Group IIA cyanide solution comprising:
- (a) reacting a cyanide gas or Group IA or Group IIA cyanide solution with an at least equal molar amount of calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate for an effective time and at an effective temperature to produce calcium cyanide;
- (b) reacting said calcium cyanide with an ion-exchange media containing a first exchangeable anion for an effective time and at an effective temperature so that said cyanide is exchanged with said first exchangeable anion;
- (c) reacting said media with a member selected from the group consisting of:
- Group IA and IIA metals having a second exchangeable anion, whereby the second exchangeable anion exchanges with said cyanide, releasing said cyanide from said media.
A method of making a Group IA or Group IIA cyanide solution comprising:
- (a) reacting a cyanide gas or Group IA or Group IIA cyanide solution with an at least equal molar amount of calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate for an effective time and at an effective temperature to produce calcium cyanide;
- (b) reacting said calcium cyanide with an ion-exchange media containing an exchangeable cation selected from the group consisting of:
- Group IA and Group IIA metal cations, for an effective time and at an effective temperature so that calcium is exchanged with said exchangeable cation, producing a solution comprising cyanide and said exchangeable cation.
A method of making a Group IA or Group IIA cyanide solution comprising:
- contacting a cyanide gas or Group IA or Group IIA cyanide solution with a cation exchange media having an exchangeable cation selected from the group consisting of:
- Group IA and Group IIA elements, for an effective time and at an effective temperature so that hydrogen exchanges with the exchangeable cation, producing a solution comprising cyanide and said exchangeable cation.
A method of preparing a Group IA or IIA cyanide salt comprising:
- (a) reacting a hydrogen cyanide gas or solution with an at least equal molar amount of a Group IA or Group IIA metal with an exchangeable ion for an effective time and at an effective temperature to produce a Group IA or Group IIA cyanide;
- (b) reacting said cyanide with an ion-exchange media containing an exchangeable anion selected from the group consisting of:
- Cl, F, Br, I and formate, for an effective time and at an effective temperature so that said cyanide is exchanged with said exchangeable anion.
A method of preparing a Group IA or Group IIA cyanide salt comprising:
- (a) reacting a hydrogen cyanide gas or solution with an at least equal molar amount of a Group IA or Group IIA metal with an exchangeable ion for an effective time and at an effective temperature to produce a Group IA or Group IIA cyanide;
- (b) reacting said Group IA or Group IIA cyanide with an ion-exchange media containing an exchangeable cation selected from the group consisting of:
- Group IA and Group IIA metals, for an effective time and at an effective temperature so that the Group IA and Group IIA cations exchange.
A method of making a sodium cyanide solution, comprising:
- exchanging hydrogen from a reactant hydrogen cyanide gas or solution with calcium from a basic calcium solution, wherein a basic cyanide solution is formed;
- exchanging the cyanide from the basic cyanide solution with chloride from an anion exchange media containing exchangeable chloride;
- exchanging the cyanide from the anion exchange media with chloride from a sodium chloride solution, wherein a sodium cyanide solution is formed.
A method of making a sodium cyanide solution, comprising:
- exchanging calcium from a basic calcium solution with hydrogen from a reactant hydrogen cyanide gas or solution, forming a calcium cyanide solution;
- exchanging calcium from the calcium cyanide solution with sodium from an ion exchange media containing exchangeable sodium, wherein a sodium cyanide solution is formed.
A method of making a sodium cyanide solution, comprising:
- exchanging cyanide from a reactant hydrogen cyanide gas or solution with chloride from an anion exchange media containing exchangeable chloride, forming media having exchangeable cyanide;
- exchanging the cyanide from the media having exchangeable cyanide with chloride from a sodium chloride solution by contacting the media having exchangeable cyanide with a sodium chloride solution, wherein a sodium cyanide solution is formed.
A method of making a sodium cyanide solution, comprising:
- contacting a reactant hydrogen cyanide gas or solution with an ion exchange media containing exchangeable sodium, wherein a sodium cyanide solution is formed by the exchange of the sodium with the hydrogen.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.