Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and prostate cancer risk

A method of predicting increased risk of prostate cancer in an individual, comprising:

• measuring the concentration of total IGF-I in a body fluid from the individual;
• measuring the concentration of total IGFBP-3 in a body fluid from the individual;
• measuring the concentration of PSA in a body fluid from the individual and designating the individual's PSA concentration as in a low PSA level or a high PSA level compared to a predetermined reference value;
• and
• designating a risk of prostate cancer within the designated PSA level for the individual, including:
• i) conducting a multivariate adjustment of the IGF-I concentration relative to the IGFBP-3 concentration to provide an individual risk value;
• and
• ii) matching the individual risk value to a predetermined risk quartile value within the designated PSA level, wherein an individual risk value in the highest quartile corresponds to at least four times as great a risk of prostate cancer.

A method of predicting increased risk of prostate cancer in an individual, comprising:

• measuring the concentration of total IGF-I and the concentration of total IGFBP-3 in a body fluid from the individual;
• conducting a multivariate adjustment of the IGF-I concentration relative to the IGFBP-3 concentration to provide an individual risk value;
• measuring the concentration of PSA in a body fluid from the individual and designating the individual's PSA concentration as in a low PSA level or a high PSA level compared to a predetermined reference value;
• and
• matching the individual risk value to a predetermined risk quartile value within the designated PSA level, wherein an individual risk value in the highest quartile corresponds to at least four times as great a risk of prostate cancer.

A method of predicting increased risk of prostate cancer in an individual, comprising:

• measuring the concentration of total IGF-I and the concentration of total IGFBP-3 in a body fluid from the individual and conducting a multivariate adjustment of the IGF-I concentration relative to the IGFBP-3 concentration to provide an individual risk value;
• and
• measuring the concentration of PSA in a body fluid from the individual and designating the individual's PSA concentration as in a low PSA level or a high PSA level compared to a predetermined reference value, and matching the individual risk value to a predetermined risk quartile value within the designated PSA level,
• wherein an individual risk value in all but the first quartile corresponds to an increased risk of prostate cancer for the individual.