Liquid crystal display device having uniform integrated spacers

A liquid crystal display (LCD) device having a pixel region and a peripheral region adjacent to the pixel region, comprising:

• a substrate;
• an insulating layer on the substrate;
• a first metal layer above the insulating layer, comprising
• an array of pixel electrodes in the pixel region, and
• a peripheral portion in the peripheral region having an opening therein;
• a spacer in the opening in the first metal layer in the peripheral region;
• a second metal layer between the first metal layer and the substrate;
• and
• a wall beneath the opening in the first metal layer in the peripheral region and extending substantially between the second metal layer and the first metal layer.

A liquid crystal display (LCD) device having a pixel region and a peripheral region adjacent to the pixel region, comprising:

• a substrate;
• an insulating layer on the substrate;
• a first metal layer above the substrate, comprising
• an array of pixel electrodes in the pixel region, and
• a peripheral portion in the peripheral region having an opening therein;
• a spacer in the opening in the first metal layer in the peripheral region;
• a second metal layer between the first metal layer and the substrate, comprising
• a light shield beneath the opening in the peripheral portion of the first metal layer, and
• a plurality of signal routing lines in the peripheral region;
• and
• third and fourth metal layers between the second metal layer and the substrate, the third and fourth metal layers each including a plurality of additional signal routing lines in the peripheral region.

A liquid crystal display (LCD) device having a pixel region and a peripheral region adjacent to the pixel region, comprising:

• a substrate;
• an insulating layer on the substrate;
• a first metal layer above the insulating layer, comprising
• an array of pixel electrodes in the pixel region and a first plurality of recesses therebetween, and
• a peripheral portion in the peripheral region having a second plurality of recesses therein;
• and
• a plurality of spacers in the first plurality of recesses and the second plurality of recesses, at least one of the spacers in the first plurality of recesses and at least one of the spacers in the second plurality of recesses having a same height.