A semiconductor device comprising a modified ONO structure, wherein the modified ONO structure comprises a bottom dielectric material layer, a nitride layer on the bottom dielectric material layer, and a top dielectric material layer on the nitride layer, in which at least one of the bottom dielectric material layer and the top dielectric material layer comprises a composite dielectric material, wherein the composite dielectric material comprises elements of at least one mid-K or high-K dielectric material,
- wherein each mid-K or high-K dielectric material independently comprises at least one of hafnium oxide (HfO2), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), barium titanate (BaTiO3), cerium oxide (CeO2), lanthanum oxide (La2O3), lanthanum aluminum oxide (LaAlO3), lead titanate (PbTiO3), strontium titanate (SrTiO3), lead zirconate (PbZrO3), tungsten oxide (WO3), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), bismuth silicon oxide (Bi4Si2O12), barium strontium titanate (BST) (Ba1-xSrxTiO3), PMN (PbMgxNb1-xO3), PZT (PbZrxTi1-xO3), PZN (PbZnxNb1-xO3), and PST (PbScxTa1-xO3).