A low cost new internal combustion engine with increased mechanical efficiency, comprising a main insert bearing supporting a crankshaft having rotary motion for converting the sliding motion of attached pistons due to the pressure generated by the combustion system;
- said crankshaft being connected to said pistons through a connecting rod with optional cross head and piston pin;
- said connecting rod comprising a big and a small end;
- said connecting rod big end attached to said crankshaft by connecting rod big end insert bearings for rotary motion;
- said connecting rod small end attached to said piston pin through a connecting rod small end bushing for transmitting oscillating motion;
- said piston pin connected directly to the piston pin bosses of said piston;
- said piston having a piston skirt for guiding inside the cylinder bore for reciprocating motions;
- a camshaft driven by said crankshaft for actuating inlet and exhaust valves and injectors controlling said combustion system;
- said camshaft supported by a cam bushing or cam journal housing in the cylinder head for transmitting and converting the rotary motion of said cam shaft into sliding motion of a tappet inside a tappet bore or to a cam follower inside a cam follower bore;
- a fuel injection pump roller tappet inside a fuel injection roller tappet bore;
- a rocker arm mounted on a rocker shaft through a rocker arm bushing for transmitting intermittent reciprocating motion;
- said arm engaged on one side with a push rod pushed up by said tappet, and engaged on the other end with a valve stem for actuating said valves or injectors;
- a charge of lubricant oil, used to lubricate the interfaces of contacting parts for lubrication;
- a charge of fuel;
- said combustion system drawing a homogenized or aerosol mixture of fuel and air;
- a spark ignition device for ignition of said fuel-air mixture;
- optionally, said ignition device receiving metered-out charges of fuel injected by an injection device controlled by a spring governed centrifugal advance mechanism for the self regulation of ignition;
- said injection with respect to the crank angle for effective utilization of the combustion pressure acting on the crown of said piston without knock or combustion noise;
- combustion end products leaving said combustion system as exhaust emission, characterized in that the lubricating system consists of:
- (a) at least one first cross cut oil grove formed at the interface cylindrical bearing surface of the contacting parts on the inner surface of the main insert bearing, connecting said big rod end insert bearing, said cross head bearing, said connecting rod small end bushing, said connecting rod small end, said piston-pin bosses, said cam bushing, said cam follower bore, said fuel injection pump roller tappet bore, said rocker arm bushing, said rocker arm end on the outer surface of said piston skirt, said cam shaft main journal, said rocker arm shaft, said tappet, said cam follower, said fuel injection pump roller tappet adopted as reservoir for receiving and distributing oil from the supply source;
- the crosscut point being positioned at the maximum stress zones for maintaining adequate oil supply for cooling and reducing contact in the interface;
- (b) at least one second circular oil groove formed at the interface cylindrical bearing surface of the contacting parts on the outer surface of said piston skirt, said tappet, said cam follower, said fuel injection pump roller tappet, said cam shaft main journal, said rocker arm shaft and on the inner surface of the main insert bearing, the connecting rod big end insert bearing, the cross heard bearing, the connecting rod small end bushing, the connecting rod small end, the piston-pin bosses, the piston skirt, the cam bushing, the cam follower bore, the fuel injection pump roller tappet bore, the rocker arm bushing, and the rocker arm for receiving and distributing oil to said first cross cut oil groove for maintaining adequate oil supply;
- (c) at least one third axial oil grove intersecting with either the first or the second oil groove or hole formed on the piston skirt outer surface for maintaining adequate lubricating oil supply for proper sliding motion, cooling and avoiding contact due to thrust force with said cylinder bore;
- (d) at least one deep “v” furrow formed on the upper surface of the rocker arm lengthwise for onward transmission of escape oil to both ends;
- (e) at least one slot formed on the side or upper surface of the rocker arm for onward transmission of escape oil to both ends;
- and
- (f) said spark ignition or fuel injection device having spring governed centrifugal advance fly weights for self regulation in proportion with engine speed from idle to maximum engine speed.