Immunoassay for pesticides and their degradation products

A method for identification or quantification of a 1,3-dihalo aromatic pesticide or one or more degradation products thereof, comprising:

• (a) contacting a test sample with antibodies obtainable from a hapten-carrier complex comprising an immunogenic carrier and a compound of the following formula 1:
• wherein R2 is a linking unit to the carrier to form the hapten-carrier complex;
• R1 is selected from the group consisting of —C(═O)—N(R5)(R5), —N(R5)—C(═O)—OR5,—C(═O)—OR5, —N(R5)—C(═O)(R5), —N(R5)—C(═S)(R5), —C(═S)—N(R5)(R5), —N(R5)—C(═S)—N(R5)(R5), —N(R5)—C(═O)—N(R5)(R5), —O—C(═O)—R5, —C(═S)—OR5, —O—C(═S)—R5, —O5R5, —N(R5)(R5), —S—R5, —CH2—R5, —CN, and halogen;
• each R5 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, optionally substituted C1-4 alkyl, optinally substituted C2-5 alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-8 aklynyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, and optionally substituted C3-C7 cycloalky;
• and
• X1 and X2 are same or different and are each a halogen, and
• a compound of the following formula II immobilized to a solid support,
• wherein X1 is a halogen;
• Z1 is C—R6, Z2 is C—R7 Z3 is C—R8 and Z4 and is C—R9, where at least one of R6-R10 is present and serves as a linking unit for immobilization of the hapten to the solid support, and those of R6[8]-R10 which are present and which do not serve as a linking unit are independently selected from the group consisting of —C(═O)—NH2, —N(R5)(R5), —CN, —N(R5)—C(═O)(R5), —N(R5)—N(R5)—C(−S)(R5), —C(═S)—N(R5)(R5), —N(R5)—C(═S)—N(R5)(R5), —N(R5)—C(═O)—N(R5)(R5), —N(R5)—C(═O)—OR5, —C(═O)—N(R5)(R5), —C(═O)—OR5, —C(═S)—OR5, —O—C(═S)—R5, hydrogen, and halogen;
• wherein those of R6-R—10 which serve as a linking unit are selected from the group consisting of —C(═O)—N(R5)—(CH2)n—R3—(CH2)m—R4, —N(R5)—C(≦O)—(CH2)nR3—(CH2)m—R4, —O—(CH2)n R3—CH2)m—R4, —N(R5)—(CH2)n—R3—CH2)m—R4, —S—(CH2)n—R3—(CH2)m—R4, (CH2)n+1—R3—(CH2)m—R4, —C(═O)—O—(CH2)n—R3—(CH2)m—R4, and —O—C(═O)—(CH2)n—R3—(CH2)m—R4;wherein n and m are the same or different and are integers from 0 to 8;
• R3 is selected from the group consisting of —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, —O—C(═S)—, —C(═S)—O—, —N(R5)—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—N(R5)—, —O—, —S—, —N(R5)—, optionally substituted C1-4 alkylene, optionally substituted arylene, optionally substituted heteroarylene, and optionally substituted C3-C7 cycloalkylene;
• R4 is selected from the group consisting of activated forms of carboxyl, carboxylic acid, amine, acyl halides, activated esters, thiols, disulphides, halides, sulphonates, quinones and imides;
• and
• R5 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, optionally substituted C1-4 alkyl, optionally substituted C2-5 alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-5 alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, and optionally substituted C3-C7 cycloalkyl;
• and
• (b) detecting binding of the antibody to the pesticide, wherein binding indicates the presence of the 1,3-dihalo aromatic pesticide in the sample.