Process for producing a fuel component

A process for dimerizing olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins, comprising

• feeding fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins and oxygenate, wherein said oxygenate is water, to a reaction zone of a system including at least one reaction zone and at least one distillation zone, said at least one reaction zone comprising at least one reactor and said at least one distillation zone comprising at least one distillation column,
• contacting said olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins with an acidic ion exchange resin in said reaction zone in the presence of said oxygenate, under conditions in which at least part of the olefins dimerize and wherein said oxygenate reacts with the isobutene present in the feedstock to form tertiary butanol,
• conducting effluent comprising unreacted hydrocarbons, dimerized olefin product, oxygenate and tertiary butanol from said reaction zone to said distillation zone where said dimerized product is separated from said effluent,
• withdrawing at least one flow comprising oxygenate and tertiary butanol, which forms azeotropes with hydrocarbons present in said effluent, from the at least one distillation column and circulating said flow from said distillation zone back to the reaction zone, and
• recovering the dimerized product and optionally hydrogenating said dimerized product to form a parafinic dimerized product.

A process for dimerizing olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene, comprising:

• feeding fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and oxygenate, wherein said oxygenate is water, to a reaction zone of a system including at least one reaction zone and at least one distillation zone, said at least one reaction zone comprising at least one reactor and said at least one distillation zone comprising at least one distillation column,
• contacting said olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene with an acidic ion exchange resin in the reaction zone in the presence of said oxygenate under conditions in which at least a part of the olefins dimerize and wherein the oxygenate reacts with the isobutene in the feedstock to form tertiary butanol and wherein the tertiary butanol forms an azeotrope with the olefins,
• conducting effluent comprising unreacted hydrocarbons, dimerized reaction product, oxygenate and tertiary butanol from said reaction zone to said distillation zone where dimerized reaction product is separated from said effluent in the presence of a compound which breaks the azeotropes formed in the reaction zone,
• withdrawing at least one flow comprising tertiary butanol which forms azeotropes with hydrocarbons present in said effluent from the at least one distillation column and circulating said flow from said distillation zone back to the reaction zone, and
• recovering the dimerized product and optionally hydrogenating said dimerized product to form a parafinic reaction product.

A process for producing iso-octane from hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins, comprising:

• feeding fresh olefinic feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins and oxgenate, wherein said oxygenate is water to a reaction zone of a system including at least one reaction zone and at least one distillation zone, said at least one distillation zone comprising at least one reactor and said at least one distillation zone comprising at least one distillation column,
• contacting said hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins with an acidic ion exchange resin in the reaction zone in the presence of said oxygenate under conditions in which at least part of the isobutene dimerizes to iso-octene and wherein said oxygenate reacts with the isobutene present in the feedstock to form tertiary butanol,
• conducting effluent comprising unreacted hydrocarbons, iso-octene, oxygenate and tertiary butanol from said reaction zone to said distillation zone where iso-octene is separated from the effluent,
• withdrawing a flow comprising oxygenate and tertiary butanol from the at least one distillation column and circulating said flow from said distillation column back to the reaction zone,
• recovering the obtained iso-octene and optionally hydrogenating it further to iso-octane.

A process for dimerizing olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins, comprising:

• feeding fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins and oxygenate, wherein said oxygenate is water, to a reaction zone of a system including at least one reaction zone and at least one distillation zone, said at least one reaction zone comprising at least one reactor and said at least one distillation zone comprising at least one distillation column,
• contacting said olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins with an acidic ion exchange resin in the reaction zone in the presence of said oxygenate under conditions in which at least a part of the olefins dimerize and wherein the oxygenate reacts with the isobutene in the feedstock to form tertiary butanol and wherein the tertiary butanol forms an azeotrope with few olefins,
• conducting effluent comprising unreacted hydrocarbons, dimerized reaction product, oxygenate, and tertiary butanol to said distillation zone where dimerized reaction product is separated from said effluent in the presence of a compound which breaks the azeotropes formed in the reaction zone,
• withdrawing at least one flow comprising tertiary butanol which forms azeotropes with hydrocarbons present in said effluent from the at least one distillation column and circulating said flow from said distillation zone back to the reaction zone, and
• recovering the dimerized product and optionally hydrogenating said dimerized product to form a parafinic reaction product.

A process for producing iso-octane from hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene, comprising:

• feeding fresh olefinic feedstock containing isobutene and oxgenate, wherein said oxygenate is water to a reaction zone of a system including at least one reaction zone and at least one distillation zone, said at least one distillation zone comprising at least one reactor and said at least one distillation zone comprising at least one distillation column,
• contacting said hydrocarbon feedstock with an acidic ion exchange resin in the reaction zone in the presence of said oxygenate under conditions in which at least part of the isobutene dimerizes to iso-octene and wherein said oxygenate reacts with the isobutene present in the feedstock to form tertiary butanol,
• conducting effluent comprising unreacted hydrocarbons, iso-octene, oxygenate and tertiary butanol from said reaction zone to said distillation zone where iso-octene is separated from the effluent,
• withdrawing a flow comprising oxygenate and tertiary butanol from the at least one distillation column and circulating said flow from said distillation column back to the reaction zone,
• recovering the obtained iso-octene and optionally hydrogenating it further to iso-octane.

A process for dimerizing fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins, comprising:

• feeding fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and C5 olefins and oxygenate, wherein said oxygenate is water to a reaction zone of a system including at least one reaction zone and at least one distillation zone, said at least one reaction zone comprising at least one reactor and said at least one distillation zone comprising at least one distillation column,
• contacting said olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock with an acidic ion exchange resin in the reaction zone in the presence of said oxygenate under conditions at which at least a part of the olefins dimerize and wherein the oxygenate reacts with the isobutene present in the feedstock to form tertiary butanol,
• conducting effluent comprising unreacted hydrocarbons, dimerized olefinic product, oxygenate and tertiary butanol to said distillation zone where dimerized product is separated from said effluent,
• drawing a flow comprising oxygenate and tertiary butanol from the at least one distillation column and circulating said flow from said distillation zone to the reaction zone,
• circulating the unreacted hydrocarbons of said distillation column back to dimerization, and
• recovering the obtained dimerized product to form a parafinic reaction product.

A process for dimerizing fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene, comprising:

• feeding fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing isobutene and oxygenate, wherein said oxygenate is water to a reaction zone of a system including at least one reaction zone and at least one distillation zone, said at least one reaction zone comprising at least one reactor and said at least one distillation zone comprising at least one distillation column,
• contacting said olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock with an acidic ion exchange resin in the reaction zone in the presence of said oxygenate under conditions at which at least a part of the olefins dimerize and wherein the oxygenate reacts with the isobutene present in the feedstock to form tertiary butanol,
• conducting effluent comprising unreacted hydrocarbons, dimerized olefinic product, oxygenate and tertiary butanol to said distillation zone where dimerized product is separated from said effluent,
• drawing a flow comprising oxygenate and tertiary butanol from the at least one distillation column and circulating said flow from said distillation zone to the reaction zone,
• circulating the unreacted hydrocarbons of said distillation column back to dimerization, and
• recovering the obtained dimerized product to form a parafinic reaction product.

A fuel component comprising

• at least 65 wt-% hydrogenated C5-dimers,
• 32-5 wt-% hydrogenated olefin trimers,
• less than l wt-% hydrogenated olefin tetramers, and
• 2-0.01 wt-% oxygenate.

A fuel component comprising

• at least 50 wt-% hydrogenated dimerized olefins, of which
• 30-20 wt-% trimethylpentanes,
• 30-20 wt-% tetramethylpentanes and trimethylhexanes,
• less than 10 wt-% tetramethylhexanes and
• less than 5 wt-% trimethylheptanes,
• 28.5-5 wt-% trimers,
• less than 0.5 wt-% tetramers, and
• 1 -0.01 wt-% oxygenate.

A hydrocarbon composition comprising

• at least 85 wt-% iso-octene,
• 10-6 wt-% isobutene trimers,
• less than 1 wt-% isobutene tetramers, and
• 2-0.02 wt-% MTBE.

A hydrocarbon composition comprising

• at least 65 wt-% dimerized C5-olefins,
• 32-5 wt-% trimers,
• less than 1 wt-% tetramers, and
• 2-0.01 wt-% oxygenate.

A hydrocarbon composition, comprising

• at least 50 wt-% dimerized olefins, of which
• 30-20 wt-% are trimethylpentenes,
• 30-20 wt-% are tetramethylpentenes and trimethylhexenes,
• less than 10 wt-% are tetramethylhexenes and
• less than 5 wt-% are trimethylheptenes,
• 28.5 -5 wt-% trimers,
• less than 0.5 wt-% tetramers, and
• 1-0.01 wt-% oxygenate.