Polymer gels and methods for their preparation
AssigneeThe University of Melbourne
InventorsDavid Henry Solomon, Greg GuangHua Qiao, Georgia Patras
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Abstract
A crosslinked hydrophilic gel in which the crosslinker used in a compound of Formula I or Formula II or combination thereof. These crosslinked hydrophilic gels provide enhanced separation in electrophoresis. The use of the crosslinkers of Formula I and/or II can result in electrophoresis gels having improved properties including: 1) a broader pore size range; 2) control of pore size distribution; 3) greater resistance to hydrolysis in alkaline media; 4) greater clarity of gels prepared with high concentration of the crosslinkers; and 5) improved background silver staining.
Claims35
A crosslinked polymer gel formed from at least one monomer and a combination of crosslinkers, the crosslinkers including at least one crosslinker having at least three crosslinkable functional groups and at least one crosslinker having two crosslinkable functional groups, wherein at least one of the crosslinkable functional groups is selected from the group CH2=C(R)—O— and CH2=C(R)—S—, where R is H or optionally substituted alkyl.
An electrophoretic medium containing a crosslinked polymer gel formed from at least one monomer and at least one crosslinker having at least three crosslinkable functional groups wherein at least one of the crosslinkable functional groups is CH2═C(R)—CO—, where R is H or optionally substituted alkyl, wherein the gel has a porosity gradient or a composition gradient.
A method for preparing a polymer gel having at least one preselected property selected from the group consisting of pore size range, pore size distribution, resistance to hydrolysis in alkaline media, clarity of gel and reduced background after silver staining, the method including combining at least one monomer with a crosslinker of Formula II below, optionally with at least one other crosslinker, optionally in the presence of an initiator, and subjecting at least one monomer and at least one crosslinker of Formula II to polymerization and crosslinking, wherein the nature or amount of the crosslinker of Formula II is selected to produce a gel having said at least one preselected property,
- Formula II:
- wherein
- D represents a backbone chain of the crosslinker which is connected with at least three functional groups —Y—CZC(R)═CH2 which functional groups are the same of different;
- Y in each functional group is the same or different and selected from the group consisting of a single bond, N, O, or S;
- and
- Z in each functional group is the same or different and selected from O or S;
- and
- R in each functional group is the same or different and selected from hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl.
A compound of Formula II
- wherein
- D represents a backbone chain of the crosslinker which is connected with at least three functional groups —Y—CZC(R)═CH2 which functional groups are the same or different;
- Y in each functional group is the same or different and selected from the group consisting of a single bond, N, O or S;
- Z in each functional group may is the same or different and selected from O or S;
- and
- R in each functional group is the same or different and selected from hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl.
A crosslinked polymer gel formed from at least one crosslinker and optionally at least one monomer, wherein the at least one crosslinker has at least three functional groups CH2═C(R)—CO—, wherein R is H or CH3, wherein at least one functional group is attached to a nitrogen and at least one other functional group is attached to a heteroatom other than nitrogen.
A crosslinked polymer gel formed from a mixture of crosslinkers and optionally at least one monomer, wherein the mixture of crosslinkers comprises (a) at least one crosslinker having at least three functional groups CH2═CH—CO— each attached to a nitrogen and (b) at least one crosslinker having at least three functional groups CH2═C(CH3)—CO— each attached to a nitrogen.
A crosslinked polymer gel formed from a mixture of crosslinkers and optionally at least one monomer, wherein the mixture of crosslinkers comprises (a) at least one crosslinker having at least three functional groups CH2═CH—CO—, wherein at least one functional group CH2═CH—CO— is attached to a nitrogen and at least one other functional group CH2═CH—CO— is attached to a heteroatom other than nitrogen and (b) at least one crosslinker having at least three functional groups CH2═C(CH3)—CO—, wherein at least one of functional groups CH2═C(CH3)—CO— is attached to a nitrogen and at least one other functional group CH2═C(CH3)—CO— is attached to a heteroatom other than nitrogen.
A crosslinked polymer gel formed from a mixture of crosslinkers and optionally at least one monomer, wherein the mixture of crosslinkers comprises (a) at least one crosslinker having at least three functional groups CH2═CH—CO—, wherein each functional group CH2═CH—CO— is attached to a nitrogen and (b) at least one crosslinker having at least three functional groups CH2═C(CH3)—CO—, wherein at least one of functional groups CH2═C(CH3)—CO— is attached to a nitrogen and at least one other functional group CH2═C(CH3)—CO— is attached to a heteroatom other than nitrogen.
A crosslinked polymer gel formed from a mixture of crosslinkers and optionally at least one monomer, wherein the mixture of crosslinkers comprises (a) at least one crosslinker having at least three functional groups CH2═CH—CO—, wherein at least one functional group CH2═CH—CO— is attached to a nitrogen and at least one other functional group CH2═CH—CO— is attached to a heteroatom other than nitrogen and (b) at least one crosslinker having at least three functional groups CH2═C(CH3)—CO—, wherein each functional groups CH2═C(CH3)—CO— is attached to a nitrogen.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.