Fuel and lubricant additives

A process for the preparation of a compound having the formula I

• Z—CH2—NY2−nHn (I)
• where
• n is 0 or1;
• Z is a straight-chain or branched polyalkyl radical having an average molecular weight of from about 500 to 40,000;
• Y is a radical of the formula IIb
• where
• R1 and R2 are identical or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted and substituted alky, alkenyl and alkynyl radicals and unsubstituted and substituted cycloalkyl, aryl and arylalkyl radicals which optionally contains one or more heteroatoms;
• and
• A is an alkyleneimine radical of the formula III
• where
• m is an integer from 0 to 10;
• Alk is straight-chained or branched, unsubstituted or substituted alkylene;
• R3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or,
• a cyano radical of the formula IVb
• where R1 and R2 have the above-mentioned meanings;
• or, if
• n is 0, one of the radicals Y is optionally a polyoxyalkylene radical of the formula V
• where
• q is an integer from 1 to 30,
• Alk is as defined above, and
• E is hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl.
• wherein in the process
• a) a polyalkylamine of the formula VI
• where
• Z has the above-mentioned meanings,
• W is hydrogen or —A—H, and
• A is an alkyleneimine radical of the formula VII
• where Alk and m have the above-mentioned meanings and R6 is hydrogen, straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl or aryl, is reacted with hydrocyanic acid or a salt thereof and at least one compound of the formula VIII
• where R1 and R2 have the above mentioned meanings in order to obtain a compound of formula I, wherein at least one radical Y is of formula IIb;
• and
• formula V
• where Alk, E and p are as defined above.