Second-order nonlinear optical chromophores containing dioxine and/or bithiophene as conjugate bridge and devices incorporating the same

A nonlinear optical device comprising:

• an active element formed from a chromophore including
• an electron donor group,
• an electron acceptor group, and
• a bridge structure between the electron donor group and the electron acceptor group;
• wherein the bridge structure is formed as:
• wherein A is selected from CH2 and O;
• wherein R=H, F, or any perhalogenated, halogenated or non-halogenated aliphatic or aromatic group with 1-30 carbon atoms functionalized with zero or more of the following functional groups:
• hydroxy, ether, ester, amino, silyl, and siloxy, and R groups at different positions are not necessarily the same.

A nonlinear optical device comprising:

• an active element formed from a chromophore formed as:
• wherein A is selected from CH2 and O;
• wherein B is an electron acceptor;
• wherein R=H, F, or any perhalogenated, halogenated or non-halogenated aliphatic or aromatic group with 1-30 carbon atoms functionalized with zero or more of the following functional groups:
• hydroxy, ether, ester, amino, silyl, and siloxy, and R groups at different positions are not necessarily the same.