Doped titanium oxide additives
AssigneeEveready Battery Company, Inc.
InventorMichael F. Mansuetto
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A novel compound that is useful as a battery additive is represented by the formula Ti1−xMxO2−y where M is an element having an octagonal coordination structure, x is from about 0.01 to about 0.5, and y is from about 0.05 to about 0.25. The novel compounds are highly conductive as compared with conventional titanium dioxide additives, and have an expanded rutile crystal structure. The novel compounds are prepared by mixing titanium dioxide with an oxide of M, heating the mixture to form a doped titanium oxide, and reducing the doped titanium oxide.
Claims24
A compound represented by the formula:
- Ti1−xNbxO2−y
- where x is from about 0.01 to about 0.5, y is from about 0.05 to about 0.25, and the compound has a crystal suture that consists of an expanded rutile crystal stucture and a resistivity less than 100 ohm-cm.
An electode for an electrochemical battery cell comprising a mixture of manganese dioxide, graphite, and a performance enhancing additive that is a compound represented by the formula:
- Ti1−xNbxO2−y
- where x is from about 0.01 to about 0.5, y is from about 0.05 to about 0.25, and the additive has an expanded rutile crystal structure and a resistivity less than 100 ohm-cm.
An electrochemical battery cell comprising an anode, a cathode, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte, wherein at least one of the anode, cathode and electrolyte contains a performance enhancing additive that is a titanium oxide compound represented by the formula:
- Ti1−xNbxO2−y
- where x is from about 0.01 to about 0.5, y is from about 0.05 to about 0.25, and the additive has an expanded rutile structure and a resistivity less than 100 ohm-cm.
A process for making a compound represented by the formula:
- Ti1−xNbxO2−y
- where x is from about 0.01 to about 0.5, y is from about 0.05 to about 0.25, and the compound has a crystal structure that consists of an expanded rutile crystal structure and a resistivity less than 100 ohm-cm comprising:
- mixing titanium dioxide with an oxide of niobium;
- heating the mixture for a time and at a temperature that are sufficient to cause reaction of the titanium dioxide with the oxide of niobium to form a doped titanium oxide and complete conversion to the expanded rutile crystal structure;
- and
- then subjecting the doped titanium oxide to a reducing atmosphere to remove oxygen atoms from the doped titanium oxide structure.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.