A field effect transistor comprising a source, a drain, a first catalyst region in said source, a second catalyst region in said drain, a growth preventing layer on at least one of said first and second catalyst regions, and a carbon nanotube bridge between the source and the drain, wherein the carbon nanotube bridge being formed with carbon nanotubes grown in a horizontal direction between said first and second catalyst regions, and said growth preventing layer preventing vertical growth of said nanotubes, so that the field effect transistor can control the flow of electrons in said nanotubes.