Method for locating a concealed object

A method of detecting anomalies in a microwave penetrable material, comprising the steps of:

• transmitting a microwave signal that is stepped over a plurality of frequencies, said microwave signal being transmitted at each of a plurality of positions in said microwave penetrable material;
• receiving a plurality of reflections for said plurality of frequencies at each of said plurality of positions, each of said plurality of reflections having a magnitude and a phase and a time delay;
• producing a complex target data vector for each of said plurality of positions;
• producing a complex reference data vector which is representative of said complex target data vector which is anticipated when said anomalies to be detected are not present within said microwave penetrable material;
• comparing said complex reference data vector with respect to each said complex target data vector to produce a complex channel vector for said plurality of frequencies at each of said plurality of positions;
• producing a complex filter matrix, said complex filter matrix being a least squares operator;
• operating on said complex channel vector with said complex filter matrix to obtain a response signal for each of said plurality of positions;
• and
• detecting said anomalies in said microwave penetrable material from changes in said response signal for each of said plurality of positions.

A method of detecting anomalies in microwave penetrable material, comprising:

• transmitting a microwave signal that is stepped over a plurality of frequencies, said microwave signal being transmitted at each of a plurality of positions in said microwave penetrable material;
• receiving a plurality of reflections for said plurality of frequencies at each of said plurality of positions, each of said plurality of reflections having a complex impedance with a real part and an imaginary part;
• producing a complex impedance vector from said real part and said imaginary part of said plurality of reflections at each of said plurality of positions;
• producing a complex expectation vector such that said complex expectation vector is representative of said complex impedance vector when said anomalies to be detected are not present in said microwave penetrable material;
• comparing said complex expectation vector with respect to said complex impedance vector at each of said plurality of frequencies to obtain a signal for each of said plurality of positions;
• and
• detecting said anomalies in said microwave penetrable material from changes in values of said signal at each of said plurality of positions.

A method of detecting anomalies in a microwave penetrable material, comprising the steps of:

• transmitting a microwave signal that is stepped over a plurality of frequencies, said microwave signal being transmitted at each of a plurality of positions in said microwave penetrable material;
• receiving a plurality of reflections for said plurality of frequencies at each of said plurality of positions, each of said plurality of reflections having a magnitude and a phase and a time delay;
• utilizing said plurality of reflections to produce a complex target data vector for each of said plurality of positions;
• producing a complex reference data vector such that said complex reference data vector is representative of said complex target data vector when said anomalies to be detected are not present in said microwave penetrable material;
• comparing said complex reference data vector with respect to each said complex target data vector to produce a complex channel vector with respect to said plurality of frequencies for each of said plurality of positions;
• adding a complex conjugate of said complex channel vector to said complex channel vector for each of said plurality of frequencies to form a conjugate symmetric complex channel vector;
• taking an inverse Fourier transform of said conjugate symmetric complex channel vector to produce an impulse function to indicate said anomalies in said microwave penetrable material.

A method of detecting anomalies in a microwave penetrable material, comprising the steps of:

• transmitting a microwave signal that is stepped over a plurality of frequencies, said microwave signal being transmitted at each of a plurality of positions in said microwave penetrable material;
• receiving a plurality of reflections for said plurality of frequencies at each of said plurality of positions, each of said plurality of reflections having a magnitude and a phase and a time delay;
• utilizing said plurality of reflections to produce a complex target data vector for each of said plurality of positions;
• providing a theoretical reference signal such that said theoretical reference data vector is representative of said complex target data vector anticipated when said anomalies to be detected are not present in said microwave penetrable material;
• comparing said theoretical reference signal to said complex target data vector for each of said plurality of frequencies at each of said plurality of positions to produce an error signal;
• and
• detecting said anomalies in said microwave penetrable material from changes in values of said error signal at each of said plurality of positions.

A method of detecting anomalies in microwave penetrable material, comprising:

• transmitting a microwave signal that is stepped over a plurality of frequencies, said microwave signal being transmitted at each of a plurality of positions in said microwave penetrable material;
• receiving a plurality of reflections for said plurality of frequencies at each of said plurality of positions,
• determining a complex reference signal such that said complex reference signal is representative of said complex antenna impedance when said anomalies to be detected are not present in said microwave penetrable material;
• determining a complex antenna impedance for each of said plurality of reflections at each of said plurality of positions;
• comparing said complex reference signal with said complex antenna impedance for each of said plurality of reflections at each of said plurality of positions to produce a complex difference signal for each of said plurality of reflections at each of said plurality of positions;
• amplifying said complex difference signal for respective of said plurality of reflections at each of said plurality of positions to produce an amplified complex difference signal;
• taking a Fourier transform of said complex difference signal to thereby produce a response signal;
• and
• detecting said anomalies in said microwave penetrable material from changes in said response signal with respect to each of said plurality of positions.

A method of detecting anomalies in microwave penetrable material, comprising:

• transmitting a microwave signal that is stepped over a plurality of frequencies, said microwave signal being transmitted at each of a plurality of positions into said microwave penetrable material;
• utilizing one or more accelerometers to measure location information for each of said plurality of positions;
• receiving a plurality of reflections for said plurality of frequencies at each of said plurality of positions;
• producing a complex target data vector at each of said plurality of positions;
• producing a complex reference data vector for each of said plurality of positions such that said complex reference data vector is representative of said complex target data vector when said anomalies to be detected are not present in said microwave penetrable material;
• comparing said complex target data vector with said complex reference data vector for producing a response signal at each of said plurality of positions;
• and
• detecting said anomalies in said microwave penetrable material from changes in said response signal for each of said plurality of positions.