Quantization matrix for still and moving picture coding

A decoding method of decoding coded pictures using a quantization matrix, the method comprising:

• receiving a bitstream including coded quantized coefficients and a coded quantization matrix that is obtained by coding a truncated quantization matrix,
• wherein the truncated quantization matrix is generated by truncating a quantization matrix having a plurality of quantization elements, and the coded quantization matrix has bits aligned in the order of bits obtained by coding quantization elements included in the truncated quantization matrix and bits obtained by coding a value of ‘0’;
• decoding the coded quantization matrix until the bits corresponding to the value of ‘0’ are read out, to obtain a decoded truncated quantization matrix;
• generating a complete quantization matrix using the decoded truncated quantization matrix to obtain an additional quantization element along with the quantization elements of the decoded truncated quantization matrix;
• decoding a quantization parameter in the bitstream;
• decoding a plurality of coded quantized coefficients in the bitstream to obtain decoded quantized coefficients;
• and
• inversely quantizing the decoded quantized coefficients into a plurality of inversely quantized coefficients using the decoded quantization parameter and the complete quantization matrix.