Bipolar plasma source, plasma sheet source, and effusion cell utilizing a bipolar plasma source

A plasma sheet source, comprising:

• a first hollow cathode structure including a first groove and a second hollow cathode structure including a second groove facing and parallel to said first groove;
• an AC power source connected to each of said hollow cathode structures such that a negative voltage sufficient to cause plasma generation is alternatingly applied to each of the hollow cathode structures;
• and
• a magnetic structure on each side of each of said grooves,
• wherein said AC power source is arranged such that, when said negative voltage is applied to the first hollow cathode structure and a plasma is generated therein, the second of the hollow cathode structures serves as an anode to attract electrons from the first of the two hollow cathode structures and thereby complete an electrical circuit with the power source,
• wherein when a polarity of voltage applied to the first hollow cathode structure reverses, another plasma is generated in said second hollow cathode structure, and the first hollow cathode structure serves as an anode to attract electrons from the second hollow plasma structure and thereby again complete the electrical circuit with the power source, and
• wherein said magnetic structures generate a magnetic field that confines said electrons to paths extending between said grooves.