A process of producing somatic seedlings from somatic embryos, said process comprising pre-germinating somatic embryos, placing said pre-germinated somatic embryos into a state of physiological dormancy by drying said embryos, sowing said dried pre-germinated physiologically dormant somatic embryos onto or into germination media, and propagating said sown dried pre-germinated somatic embryos in ex vitro environmental conditions manipulated to facilitate imbibation, germination, and development into complete normal seedlings possessing shoots and roots.