Electrically conductive projections having conductive coverings

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member with only a portion of a length of the first conductive member physically contacting only a portion of a length of the second conductive member, wherein the first conductive member and the second conductive member comprise discrete members;
• and
• wherein the projection comprises a plurality of apexes.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the first and second conductive members are provided over a common outermost surface of the projection;
• and
• wherein the first conductive member and the second conductive member contact one another.

An apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member coupled with the projection and substantially electrically insulated from a region adjacent to the base portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member configured to electrically couple the first conductive member with the region adjacent to the base portion of the projection, wherein the first and second conductive members are only electrically coupled at a location intermediate the distal portion and the base portion;
• and
• wherein the substrate and the projection comprise semiconductive material.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member;
• and
• an insulator configured to substantially electrically insulate the first conductive member and the second conductive member from the projection.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• and
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the first conductive member and the second conductive member contact one another.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• and
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the projection comprises material of the substrate.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• and
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the substrate and the projection comprise semiconductive material.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• and
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the substrate and the projection comprise silicon.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• and
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the projection comprises a plurality of apexes.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• and
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the first conductive member and the second conductive member comprise different materials.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection and not adjacent to the base portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and contacting the first conductive member only in a region spaced from the distal portion;
• and
• wherein the projection comprises a plurality of apexes.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member with only a portion of a length of the first conductive member physically contacting only a portion of a length of the second conductive member, wherein the first conductive member and the second conductive member comprise discrete members;
• and
• wherein the projection comprises material of the substrate.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the first and second conductive members are provided over a common outermost surface of the projection;
• and
• an insulator configured to substantially electrically insulate the first conductive member and the second conductive member from the projection.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the first and second conductive members are provided over a common outermost surface of the projection;
• and
• wherein the projection comprises material of the substrate.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the first and second conductive members are provided over a common outermost surface of the projection;
• and
• wherein the projection comprises a plurality of apexes.

An electrically conductive apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member adjacent to the distal portion of the projection;
• a second conductive member adjacent to the base portion of the projection and electrically coupled with the first conductive member at an interface having a thickness greater than individual thicknesses of the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the first and second conductive members are provided over a common outermost surface of the projection;
• and
• wherein the first conductive member and the second conductive member comprise different materials.

An apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member coupled with the projection and substantially electrically insulated from a region adjacent to the base portion of the projection;
• and
• a second conductive member configured to electrically couple the first conductive member with the region adjacent to the base portion of the projection, wherein the first and second conductive members are only electrically coupled at a location intermediate the distal portion and the base portion;
• and
• wherein the projection comprises material of the substrate.

An apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a projection which extends outwardly from a surface of the substrate, the projection comprising a distal portion spaced from the substrate and a base portion intermediate the distal portion and the substrate;
• a first conductive member coupled with the projection and substantially electrically insulated from a region adjacent to the base portion of the projection;
• and
• a second conductive member configured to electrically couple the first conductive member with the region adjacent to the base portion of the projection, wherein the first and second conductive members are only electrically coupled at a location intermediate the distal portion and the base portion;
• and
• wherein the projection comprises a plurality of apexes.