Ionic perfluorovinyl compounds and their uses as components of ionic conductors of the polymer type, of selective membranes or of catalysts

A polymer comprising a polyanionic part with which are associated cations Mm+ in a number sufficient to ensure the electronic neutrality of the polymer, wherein Mm+ is a proton or a metal cation having the valency m, chosen from alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transition metal or rare earth metal ions or an organic onium cation or an organometallic cation, 1≦m≦3, and the polyanionic part comprises repeat units corresponding to the formula:

• A′− is an anionic group having one of the formulae (I) [—(CF2)n—SO2Z]−, (II) [—(O)n′—Φ—SO2Z]− or
• (III)
• n and n′ represent 0 or 1;
• Φ represents a condensed or noncondensed aromatic group, which may or may not carry one or more substituents and which may or may not comprise heteroatoms, or a polyhalongenated group —C6H(4−x−y)FxCly— (1≦x+y≦4);
• Z represents —O or one of the —NC≡N, —C(C≡N)2, —NSO2R or —C[SO2R]2 groups, Z being other than —O when n or n′ are zero;
• D represents a single bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a —CO— carbonyl group or an —SO2— sulfonyl group;
• the groups X1 to X4, hereinafter denoted by Xi, represent N, C—C≡N, CR, CCOR or CSO2R, it being understood that, in a pentacyclic group, the Xi groups can be identical or different;
• R represents Y, YO—, YS—, Y2N—, F, RF═CqF2q+1 (preferably 0≦q≦12), CF2═CF—, CF2═CFCF2— or CF2═CF—O—, it being understood that, if 2 R substituents are present on the same group, they can be identical or different;
• Y represents H or a monovalent organic radical having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms chosen from alkyl, alkenyl, oxaalkyl, oxaalkenyl, azaalkyl, azaalkenyl, aryl or alkylaryl radicals or from the radicals obtained from the abovementioned radicals by substitution, in the chains and/or the aromatic part, by heteroatoms, such as halogens, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus, it being understood that, if sulfur or phosphorus are present, they can optionally be bonded to substituted nitrogen or oxygen atoms, or else Y is a repeat unit of a polymeric backbone;
• wherein a Z or Xi substituent comprises a perfluorovinyl radical.