A control unit (10) for “pilgrim step” operation of a plurality of detaching cylinders (22,23) in a combing machine, comprising a first electric motor (1), which rotates with uniform motion components (30) of the aforesaid combing machine by way of a shaft (17) and a second electric motor (11), which rotates a shaft (12), said shaft (12) being connected to components to transmit motion to said detaching cylinders (22, 23), said first electric motor (1) also acting on components of a control unit (10) to transmit motion to said detaching cylinders (22, 23), and said second motor (11) being provided with means of operation having a unidirectional mode of operation comprising acceleration and deceleration phases, where both said first and second motors are connected by tooth gears (15, 16) at all times and always rotate continuously in the same direction and their rotary motions are combined by means of a differential device to obtain resulting motion of the “pilgrim step” type on said detaching cylinders (22, 23).