Fuel additive formulation and method of using same
AssigneeMagnum Environmental Technologies, Inc.
InventorsArthur R. Foote, Michael Lakin
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An improved fuel additive formulation, method of use, and method of producing the fuel formulation are described. The improved fuel additive of the present invention comprises a mixture of nitroparaffins (comprising nitromethane, nitroethane, and nitropropane), and a combination of modified commercially available ester oil and toluene. The ratio of ester oil and toluene to nitroparaffin is preferably less than 20 volume percent, with nitroparaffins comprising the balance of the additive. A method of preparing and using the additive formulation is also provided.
Claims128
An additive formulation for motor fuels comprising:
- nitroparaffin substantially free of nitropropane 2;
- and
- ester oil;
- said additive added to said fuel to a final concentration of less that about 5 volume percent of said additive in said fuel;
- said fuel resulting in reduced emissions relative to motor fuel not containing said additive when burned in an internal combustion engine.
An additive formulation for motor fuels comprising:
- a first component, comprising 0 to 80 volume percent of one or more nitroparaffin components, selected from the group consisting of:
- nitropropane 1, nitroethane, and nitromethane;
- a second component, comprising the balance of the additive formulation, selected from the group consisting of:
- ester oil lubricant modified to remove tricresyl phosphate and toluene;
- said additive added to said fuel to a final concentration of less than about 5 volume percent of said additive in said fuel;
- the additive formulation reducing emissions of one or more of the emissions selected from the group consisting of:
- total hydrocarbons, non-methane hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, ozone precursors, and ozone.
An additive formulation for motor fuels comprising:
- from about 10 to about 30 volume percent nitromethane;
- from about 10 to about 30 volume percent nitroethane;
- from about 40 to about 60 volume percent nitropropane 1;
- from about 2 to about 8 volume percent toluene;
- and
- from about 1 to about 3 volume percent modified ester oil, from which substantially all tricresyl phosphate has been removed.
A method of preparing a fuel additive formulation, comprising:
- in a mixing vessel;
- adding about 1 part modified ester oil from which substantially all tricresyl phosphate has been removed;
- adding about 5 parts toluene;
- allowing said ester oil and said toluene to stand for 10 minutes at ambient temperature and pressure;
- adding about 10 parts nitromethane to said ester oil and toluene mixture;
- adding about 10 parts nitroethane to said mixture;
- adding about 29 parts 1-nitropropane to said mixture;
- aerating said mixture gently, through a narrow gauge tube at low pressure, and ambient temperature;
- storing the additive.
A fuel for reducing emissions from a motor vehicle, comprising:
- formulating an additive comprising:
- nitroparaffin substantially free of nitropropane 2;
- and
- ester oil;
- adding said additive to said fuel at a concentration of less than about 0.5 oz. of additive per gallon of fuel.
A fuel for reducing emissions from a motor vehicle, comprising:
- formulating an additive comprising:
- a first component, comprising 0 to 80 volume percent of one or more nitroparaffin components, selected from the group consisting of:
- nitropropane 1, nitroethane, and nitromethane;
- a second component, comprising the balance of the additive formulation, selected from the group consisting of:
- ester oil lubricant modified to remove tricresyl phosphate and toluene;
- the additive formulation reducing emissions of one or more of the emissions selected from the group consisting of:
- total hydrocarbons, non-methane hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, ozone precursors, and ozone.
A fuel for reducing emissions from a motor vehicle, comprising:
- formulating an additive comprising:
- from about 10 to about 30 volume percent nitromethane;
- from about 10 to about 30 volume percent nitroethane;
- from about 40 to about 60 volume percent nitropropane 1;
- from about 2 to about 8 volume percent toluene;
- from about 1 to about 3 volume percent modified ester oil, from which substantially
- all tricresyl phosphate has been removed;
- and
- adding said additive to the fuel.
An additive formulation for motor fuels comprising:
- nitroparaffin comprising about 10 to 40 volume percent nitromethane and wherein said nitroparaffin is substantially free of nitropropane 2;
- ester oil comprising less than about 2 volume percent of said formulation, wherein said ester oil is substantially free of tricresyl phosphate;
- and
- toluene;
- wherein said additive added to said fuel to a final concentration of less than about 5 volume percent of said additive in said fuel;
- and
- said fuel resulting in reduced emissions relative to motor fuel not containing said additive when burned in an internal combustion engine.
A fuel for reducing emissions from a motor vehicle, comprising:
- formulating an additive comprising:
- nitroparaffin comprising about 10 to 40 volume percent nitromethane and wherein said nitroparaffin is substantially free of nitropropane 2;
- ester oil comprising less than about 2 volume percent of said formulation, wherein said ester oil is substantially free of tricresyl phosphate;
- and
- toluene;
- adding said additive to said fuel at a concentration of less than about 5 volume percent of said additive in said fuel.
An additive formulation for motor fuels for use in an internal combustion engine comprising:
- nitroparaffin;
- ester oil;
- and
- an aromatic hydrocarbon;
- said fuel resulting in reduced emissions relative to motor fuel not containing said additive when burned in an internal combustion engine.
An additive formulation for motor fuels comprising:
- nitroparaffin at a concentration of less than about 10 volume percent;
- and
- ester oil;
- said fuel resulting in reduced emissions relative to motor fuel not containing said additive when burned in an internal combustion engine.
An additive formulation for motor fuels comprising:
- nitroparaffin at a concentration of greater than about 90 volume percent;
- and
- ester oil;
- said fuel resulting in reduced emissions relative to motor fuel not containing said additive when burned in an internal combustion engine.
An additive formulation for motor fuels comprising:
- nitroparaffin substantially free of nitropropane 2;
- and
- ester oil;
- said fuel resulting in reduced emissions relative to motor fuel not containing said additive when burned in an internal combustion engine.
An additive formulation for motor fuels comprising:
- nitroparaffin;
- and
- ester oil at a concentration of less than about 10 volume percent;
- said fuel resulting in reduced emissions relative to motor fuel not containing said additive when burned in an internal combustion engine.
A fuel for reducing emissions from a motor vehicle, comprising:
- formulating an additive comprising:
- nitroparaffin;
- ester oil;
- and
- an aromatic hydrocarbon;
- adding said additive to said fuel at a concentration of less than about 5 volume percent of said additive in said fuel.
A fuel for reducing emissions from a motor vehicle, comprising:
- formulating an additive comprising:
- nitroparaffin at a concentration of less than about 10 volume percent;
- and
- ester oil;
- adding said additive to said fuel at a concentration of less than about 5 volume percent of said additive in said fuel.
A fuel for reducing emissions from a motor vehicle, comprising:
- formulating an additive comprising:
- nitroparaffin at a concentration of greater than about 90 volume percent;
- and
- ester oil;
- adding said additive to said fuel at a concentration of less than about 5 volume percent of said additive in said fuel.
A fuel for reducing emissions from a motor vehicle, comprising:
- formulating an additive comprising:
- nitroparaffin;
- and
- ester oil at a concentration of less than about 10 volume percent;
- adding said additive to said fuel at a concentration of less than about 5 volume percent of said additive in said fuel.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.