US 6,306,805 B1Granted

Shampoo and body wash composition comprising ternary surfactant blends of cationic, anionic, and bridging surfactants and methods of preparing same

AssigneeStepan Company

InventorsDaniela T. Bratescu, Randy Bernhardt, Cathie Sporer, Sandy Lyons, Jeff Nelson, Rita Bezdicek

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Abstract

The present invention relates to surfactant compositions comprising a mixture of at least one cationic surfactant, at least one anionic surfactant, preferably a sulfonated methyl ester and/or a sulfonated fatty acid, and at least one “bridging surfactant” selected from semi-polar nonionic, ethoxylated alkanolamide, and amphoteric/zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. More specifically, the invention relates to stable, synergistic mixtures of cationic, anionic, and bridging surfactants that are useful primarily as shampoos and/or body washes. The instant invention further provides both a method for preparing the inventive surfactant compositions, i.e., shampoos, and a method of treating hair with the shampoo compositions. When applied to hair or skin, the surfactant shampoo compositions of the instant invention generally provide for cleaning, conditioning, bodifying, and/or moisturization of the hair or skin.

Claims50

Dependent claims

A surfactant composition comprising:

(a) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a cationic surfactant which is a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula:
where
R1, R2, and R3 are independently ethyl, methyl or benzyl;
R4 is an alkyl group having an average of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms;
and
X is halogen, sulfate, methosulfate, ethosulfate, tosylate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate, or carboxylate;
and
(b) an anionic surfactant comprising
i) from about 3% to about 22% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of an alpha sulfonated alkyl ester of the formula
wherein R3 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, R4 is a straight or branched chain C1-C6 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and M is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
ii) from about 0.01% to about 11% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a sulfonated fatty acid of the formula
wherein R5 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and wherein N is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
wherein the weight ratio of i) to ii) is from about 10:1 to about 0.5:1;
and
(c) from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition a bridging surfactant selected from the group consisting of amine oxides, ethoxamides, and betaines or a mixture thereof;
and
(d) water;
wherein the total concentration of combined cationic, anionic, and bridging surfactants is from about 3% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

17 more elements

A surfactant composition comprising:

(a) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a cationic surfactant which is a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula:
where
R1, R2, and R3 are independently ethyl, methyl or benzyl;
R4 is an alkyl group having an average of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms;
and
X is halogen, sulfate, methosulfate, ethosulfate, tosylate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate, or carboxylate;
and
(b) an anionic surfactant comprising
i) from about 3% to about 25% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of an alpha sulfonated alkyl ester of the formula
wherein R3 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, R4 is a straight or branched chain C1-C6 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and M is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
ii) from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a sulfonated fatty acid of the formula
wherein R5 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and wherein N is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
wherein the weight ratio of i) to ii) is from about 10:1 to about 0.5:1;
and
(c) from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition a bridging surfactant selected from the group consisting of amine oxides, ethoxamides, and betaines or a mixture thereof;
and
(d) water;
wherein the total concentration of combined cationic, anionic, and bridging surfactants is from about 3% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

17 more elements

A method for preparing a ternary surfactant blend comprising combining:

(a) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a cationic surfactant which is a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula:
where
R1, R2, and R3 are independently ethyl, methyl or benzyl;
R4 is an alkyl group having an average of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms;
and
X is halogen, sulfate, methosulfate, ethosulfate, tosylate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate, or carboxylate;
and
(b) an anionic surfactant comprising
i) from about 3% to about 22% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of an alpha sulfonated alkyl ester of the formula
wherein R3 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, R4 is a straight or branched chain C1-C6 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and M is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
ii) from about 0.01% to about 11% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a sulfonated fatty acid of the formula
wherein R5 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and wherein N is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
wherein the weight ratio of i) to ii) is from about 10:1 to about 0.5:1;
and
(c) from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition a bridging surfactant selected from the group consisting of amine oxides, ethoxamides, and betaines or mixtures thereof;
and
(d) water;
wherein the total concentration of combined cationic, anionic, and bridging surfactants is from about 3% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

17 more elements

A method for preparing a ternary surfactant blend comprising combining:

(a) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a cationic surfactant which is a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula:
where
R1, R2, and R3 are independently ethyl, methyl or benzyl;
R4 is an alkyl group having an average of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms;
and
X is halogen, sulfate, methosulfate, ethosulfate, tosylate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate, or carboxylate;
and
(b) an anionic surfactant comprising
i) from about 3% to about 25% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of an alpha sulfonated alkyl ester of the formula
wherein R3 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, R4 is a straight or branched chain C1-C6 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and M is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
ii) from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a sulfonated fatty acid of the formula
wherein R5 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and wherein N is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
wherein the weight ratio of i) to ii) is from about 10:1 to about 0.5:1;
and
(c) from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition a bridging surfactant selected from the group consisting of amine oxides, ethoxamides, and betaines or a mixture thereof;
and
(d) water;
wherein the total concentration of combined cationic, anionic, and bridging surfactants is from about 3% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

17 more elements

A method of cleaning and/or conditioning hair or skin comprising

(a) optionally wetting the skin or hair;
(b) applying, to the skin or hair an effective cleaning and/or conditioning amount of a surfactant composition comprising
i) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a cationic surfactant which is a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula:
where
R1, R2, and R3 are independently ethyl, methyl or benzyl;
R4 is an alkyl group having an average of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms;
and
X is halogen, sulfate, methosulfate, ethosulfate, tosylate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate, or carboxylate;
and
an anionic surfactant comprising
a) from about 3% to about 22% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of an alpha sulfonated alkyl ester of the formula
wherein R3 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, R4 is a straight or branched chain C1-C6 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and M is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
b) from about 0.01% to about 11% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a sulfonated fatty acid of the formula
wherein R5 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and wherein N is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
wherein the weight ratio of a) to b) is from about 10:1 to about 0.5:1;
and
iii) from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition a bridging surfactant selected from the group consisting of amine oxides, ethoxamides, and betaines or a mixture thereof;
and
iv) water;
wherein the total concentration of combined cationic, anionic, and bridging surfactants is from about 3% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition;
and
(c) optionally rising the surfactant composition from the skin or hair with water.

21 more elements

A method of cleaning and/or conditioning hair or skin comprising

(a) optionally wetting the skin or hair;
(b) applying to the skin or hair an effective cleaning and/or conditioning amount of a surfactant composition comprising
i) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a cationic surfactant which is a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula:
where
R1, R2, and R3 are independently ethyl, methyl or benzyl;
R4 is an alkyl group having an average of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms;
and
X is halogen, sulfate, methosulfate, ethosulfate, tosylate, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate, or carboxylate;
and
ii) an anionic surfactant comprising
a) from about 3% to about 25% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of an alpha sulfonated alkyl ester of the formula
wherein R3 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, R4 is a straight or branched chain C1-C6 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and M is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
b) from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a sulfonated fatty acid of the formula
wherein R5 is a C6-C22 hydrocarbyl group, an alkyl group, or combination thereof, n is 1 or 2 and wherein N is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, or a mixture thereof;
and
wherein the weight ratio of a) to b) is from about 10:1 to about 0.5:1;
and
iii) from about 0.01% to about 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition a bridging surfactant selected from the group consisting of amine oxides, ethoxamides, and betaines or a mixture thereof;
and
iv) water;
wherein the total concentration of combined cationic, anionic, and bridging surfactants is from about 3% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition;
and
(c) optionally rising the surfactant composition from the skin or hair with water.

21 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.