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US 6,306,453 B1Granted
Anti-stress agents for aquatic animals
AssigneeWarner-Lambert Company
InventorHubert Kürzinger
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
The present invention concerns anti-stress agents for improving the resistance of aquatic animals and especially of fish, shrimps and invertebrates in fresh and sea water in the case of strains of all kinds, which can also be used as anti-stress agents for warm and cold water decorative fish, said agents containing a vitamin or a combination of vitamins in megadoses and one or more immune stimulators.
Claims7
An anti-stress feed for aquatic animals, comprising:
- a.) from 3×104 to 2×106 IU per kg of feed of vitamin A;
- and
- b.) at least one immunostimulating agent selected from the group consisting of glucan, zymosan, mannan, lichenan, pustulan, lentinan, schizophyllan, scleroglucan, M-glucan, yeast glucan, muramyl dipeptide, chitin, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidases, glycyrrhizin, immunostimulating peptides containing diaminopimelic acid, N-[(R)-6-carboxy-N2-[N-(-1-oxoheptyl)-D-γ-glutamyl]-L-lysyl]-D-alanine, levamisole, inosiplex, 4-methyluracil, tilorone, dipyridamole, azimexone, extracts of Phytolacca, extracts of Bryoria, extracts of Baptisia, aloes, extracts of Aristolochia, extracts of Arnica, mistletoe, extracts of Echinacea, palmetto, extracts of Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rosa roxburghii, Artemixtiae argyi folium, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, sterilized Clostridium butyricum miyairi, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
An anti-stress feed for aquatic animals, comprising:
- a.) from 3×104 to 2×106 IU per kg of feed of vitamin A;
- and
- b.) at least one immunostimulating agent selected from the group consisting of extracts of Phytolacca, extracts of Bryoria, extracts of Baptisia, aloes, extracts of Aristolochia, extracts of Arnica, mistletoe, extracts of Echinacea, palmetto, extracts of Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rosa roxburghii, Artemixtiae argyi folium, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, sterilized Clostridium butyricum miyairi, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
An anti-stress feed for aquatic animals, comprising:
- a.) at least one immunostimulating agent selected from the group consisting of glucan, zymosan, mannan, lichenan, pustulan, lentinan, schizophyllan, scleroglucan, M-glucan, yeast glucan, muramyl dipeptide, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidases, glycyrrhizin, immunostimulating peptides containing diaminopimelic acid, N-[(R)-6-carboxy-N2-[N-(-1-oxoheptyl)-D-γ-glutamyl]-L-lysyl]-D-alanine, levamisole, inosiplex, 4-methyluracil, tilorone, dipyridamole, azimexone, extracts of Phytolacca, extracts of Bryoria, extracts of Baptisia, aloes, extracts of Aristolochia, extracts of Arnica, mistletoe, extracts of Echinacea, palmetto, extracts of Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rosa roxburghii, Artemixtiae argyi folium, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, sterilized Clostridium butyricum miyairi, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae;
- and
- b.) per kg of feed a megadosage of a vitamin selected from the group consisting of 3×104 to 2×106 IU vitamin A, 20 mg to 5 gm vitamin K, and mixtures thereof.
An anti-stress feed for aquatic animals, comprising:
- a.) at least one immunostimulating agent selected from the group consisting of extracts of Phytolacca, extracts of Bryoria, extracts of Baptisia, aloes, extracts of Aristolochia, extracts of Arnica, mistletoe, extracts of Echinacea, palmetto, extracts of Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rosa roxburghii, Artemixtiae argyi folium, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, sterilized Clostridium butyricum miyairi, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae;
- and
- b.) per kg of feed a megadosage of a vitamin selected from the group consisting of 3×104 to 2×106 IU vitamin A, 20 mg to 5 gm vitamin K, and mixtures thereof.
An anti-stress feed for aquatic animals, comprising:
- a.) at least one immunostimulating agent selected from the group consisting of glucan, zymosan, mannan, lichenan, pustulan, lentinan, schizophyllan, scleroglucan, M-glucan, yeast glucan, muramyl dipeptide, chitin, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidases, glycyrrhizin, immunostimulating peptides containing diaminopimelic acid, N-[(R)-6-carboxy-N2-[N-(-1-oxoheptyl)-D-γ-glutamyl]-L-lysyl]-D-alanine, levamisole, inosiplex, 4-methyluracil, tilorone, dipyridamole, azimexone, extracts of Phytolacca, extracts of Bryoria, extracts of Baptisia, aloes, extracts of Aristolochia, extracts of Arnica, mistletoe, extracts of Echinacea, palmetto, extracts of Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rosa roxburghii, Artemixtiae argyi folium, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, sterilized Clostridium butyricum miyairi, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae;
- and
- b.) per kg of feed a megadosage of a vitamin selected from the group consisting of 2.8×105 IU vitamin A, 1.9 vitamin E, 330 mg vitamin B1, 950 mg vitamin B2, 190 vitamin B6, 820 μg vitamin B12, 6.35 g vitamin C, 96 mg vitamin K, 940 mg pantothenic acid, 4.7 g nicotinic acid, 7.3 g inositol, 1.13 g choline, 96 mg folic acid, 4.9 g vitamin C equivalent and mixtures thereof.
An anti-stress feed for aquatic animals, comprising:
- a.) at least one immunostimulating agent selected from the group consisting of extracts of Phytolacca, extracts of Bryoria, extracts of Baptisia, aloes, extracts of Aristolochia, extracts of Arnica, mistletoe, extracts of Echinacea, palmetto, extracts of Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rosa roxburghii, Artemixtiae argyi folium, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, sterilized Clostridium butyricum miyairi, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae;
- and
- b.) per kg of feed a megadosage of a vitamin selected from the group consisting of 2.8×105 IU vitamin A, 1.9 g vitamin E, 330 mg vitamin B1, 950 mg vitamin B2, 190 vitamin B6, 820 μg vitamin B12, 6.35 g vitamin C, 96 mg vitamin K, 940 mg pantothenic acid, 4.7 g nicotinic acid, 7.3 g inositol, 1.13 g choline, 96 mg folic acid, 4.9 g vitamin C equivalent and mixtures thereof.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.