Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation

A process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide composition, which process comprises

• A) continuously forming bromine chloride from equimolar amounts of bromine and chlorine;
• B) continuously feeding into mixing apparatus compounds/liquids consisting essentially of (i) bromine chloride formed in A) and (ii) an overbased aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid, in proportions that produce an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7 and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (i) and (ii) greater than 0.93:1;
• and
• C) withdrawing said aqueous product from said mixing apparatus at a rate sufficient to enable the continuous feeding in B) to be maintained.

A process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide composition, which process comprises

• A) continuously feeding into mixing apparatus compounds/liquids consisting essentially of (i) a bromine chloride stream hereinafter described in c), and (ii) a separate feed stream of an overbased aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid, in proportions that produce an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7 and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (i) and (ii) greater than 0.93:1;
• B) withdrawing said product from said mixing apparatus at a rate sufficient to enable the continuous feeding in A) to be maintained;
• and
• C) continuously contacting bromine and chlorine in a vessel in equimolar quantities such that bromine chloride is produced, and continuously withdrawing from said vessel a bromine chloride product stream at a rate that maintains the feed of (i) in A), at least a portion of said bromine chloride product stream constituting the bromine chloride stream (i) of A).

A process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide composition, which process comprises.

• A) continuously feeding into mixing apparatus compounds/liquids consisting essentially of (i) a bromine chloride stream, and (ii) a separate feed stream of an overbased aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid, in proportions that produce an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7 and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (i) and (ii) greater than 0.93:1;
• B) withdrawing said product from said mixing apparatus at a rate sufficient to enable the continuous feeding in A) to be maintained;
• and
• C) continuously, but alternately, withdrawing from at least one and then from at least one other of at least two reaction vessels, an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid at a rate that maintains said stream of (ii) in A), and during the time the solution is being withdrawn from said at least one of at least two reaction vessels, forming additional aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid in said at least one other of at least two reaction vessels from which solution is not then being withdrawn.

A process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide composition, which process comprises

• A) continuously feeding into mixing apparatus compounds/liquids consisting essentially of (i) a bromine chloride stream hereinafter described, and (ii) a separate feed stream of an overbased aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid, in proportions that produce an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7 and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (i) and (ii) greater than 0.93:1;
• B) withdrawing said aqueous product from said mixing apparatus at a rate sufficient to enable the continuous feeding in A) to be maintained;
• C) continuously contacting bromine and chlorine in a vessel in equimolar quantities such that bromine chloride is produced, and continuously withdrawing from said vessel a bromine chloride product stream at a rate that maintains the feed of (i) in A), at least a portion of said bromine chloride product stream constituting the bromine chloride stream (i) of A);
• and
• D) continuously, but alternately, withdrawing from at least one and then from at least one other of at least two reaction vessels, an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid at a rate that maintains the stream of (ii) in A), and during the time the solution is being withdrawn from at least one of the reaction vessels, forming additional aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid in at least one other of the reaction vessels from which solution is not then being withdrawn.