# US 6,297,970 B2 · Multiple output synchronous rectifier circuit providing zero volt switch mode operation > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 6,297,970 B2 - Document ID: US6297970B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 09/458,924 - Filed: 1999-12-10 - Published: 2001-08-16 - Granted: 2001-10-02 - Earliest claimed: 1999-12-10 - Assignees: International Business Machines Corporation - Inventors: William Hemena; Randhir Singh Malik - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US6297970B2 ## CPC - H02M 1/083: {for the ignition at the zero crossing of the voltage or the current} - H02M 3/33592: {having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer} - Y02B 70/10: Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS ## Abstract A zero voltage switching synchronous rectification circuit for providing multiple output voltages from a single input voltage is disclosed. The circuit comprises a single transformer coupled to the single input voltage and at least two synchronous rectifiers, each of the at least two synchronous rectifiers being coupled to the transformer via a winding, each of the at least two synchronous rectifiers including a first controlled switching device coupled to the winding, wherein at least one of the at least two synchronous rectifiers includes a delay element, the delay element being coupled to the winding via the first controlled switching device, wherein the delay element delays the input voltage across the at least one of the at least two synchronous rectifiers for a predetermined amount of time. By incorporating a delay element with a plurality of isolated synchronous rectifiers, Zero Voltage Switching is achieved in a multiple output environment. This will improve the efficiency of multiple output circuits because the transistors will not incur the switching losses that are present in the operation of conventional synchronous rectification circuitry where a DC voltage is generated prior to generating a lower voltage output through synchronous rectification. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A multiple output synchronous rectification circuit comprising: a single transformer coupled to a single input voltage; and at least two synchronous rectifiers, each of the at least two synchronous rectifiers being coupled to the transformer via a winding, each of the at least two synchronous rectifiers including a first controlled switching device coupled to the winding, wherein at least one of the at least two synchronous rectifiers includes a magnetic amplifier core coupled to a magnetic amplifier, wherein the first controlled switching device of the at least one of the at least two synchronous rectifiers is coupled to the winding via the magnetic amplifier core, wherein the magnetic amplifier resets the magnetic amplifier core to delay the input voltage across the at least one of the at least two synchronous rectifiers for a predetermined amount of time and each controlled switching device operates in a zero voltage switching mode. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1 wherein each of the at least two synchronous rectifiers further comprise: a second controlled switching device coupled to the first controlled switching device; an inductor coupled to the second controlled switching device; a capacitor coupled to the inductor; and an output voltage coupled to the inductor. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1 wherein each of the output voltages comprise the single input voltage multiplied by a duty ratio. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The circuit of claim 3 wherein the duty ratio is an amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are on divided by a total cyclical period, the total cyclical period being the amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are on plus an amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are off. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4 wherein the amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are on is reduced by the delay element for the predetermined amount of time. ### Claim 6 A multiple output synchronous rectification circuit comprising: a single transformer coupled to a single input voltage; at least two synchronous rectifiers, each of the at least two synchronous rectifiers being coupled to the transformer via a winding, each of the at least two synchronous rectifiers including a first controlled switching device coupled to the winding, wherein at least one of the at least two synchronous rectifiers includes a magnetic amplifier core coupled to a magnetic amplifier, wherein the first controlled switching device of the at least one of the at least two synchronous rectifiers is coupled to the winding via the magnetic amplifier core, wherein the magnetic amplifier resets the magnetic amplifier core to delay the input voltage across the at least one of the at least two synchronous rectifiers for a predetermined amount of time, each of the at least two synchronous rectifiers further comprising: a second controlled switching device coupled to the first controlled switching device; an inductor coupled to the second controlled switching device; a capacitor coupled to the inductor; and an output voltage coupled to the inductor wherein each controlled switching device operates in a zero voltage switching mode. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The circuit of claim 6 wherein the output voltage is characterized as the single input voltage multiplied by a duty ratio. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The circuit of claim 7 wherein the duty ratio is an amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are on divided by a total cyclical period, the total cyclical period being the amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are on plus an amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are off. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The circuit of claim 8 wherein the amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are on is reduced by the predetermined amount of time. ### Claim 10 A multiple output synchronous rectification circuit comprising: a single transformer coupled to a single input voltage; a plurality of synchronous rectifiers, each of the plurality of synchronous rectifiers including a first controlled switching device; each of the synchronous rectifiers being coupled to the transformer via a winding, each of the plurality synchronous rectifiers including a first controlled switching device coupled to the winding, wherein at least one of the plurality of synchronous rectifiers includes a magnetic amplifier core coupled to a magnetic amplifier, wherein the first controlled switching device of the at least one of the plurality of synchronous rectifiers is coupled to the winding via the magnetic amplifier core, wherein the magnetic amplifier resets the magnetic amplifier core to delay the input voltage across the at least one of the plurality of synchronous rectifiers for a predetermined amount of time, each of the plurality of synchronous rectifiers further comprising: a second controlled switching device coupled to the first controlled switching device; an inductor coupled to the second controlled switching device; a capacitor coupled to the inductor; and an output voltage coupled to the inductor, the output voltage being characterized as the single input voltage multiplied by a duty ratio, the duty ratio being an amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are on divided by a total cyclical period, the total cyclical period being the amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are on plus an amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are off, wherein the amount of time that the first and second controlled devices are on is reduced by the predetermined amount of time and each controlled switching device operates in a zero voltage switching mode.