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US 6,291,389 B1Granted
Cationic polymerization catalysts
AssigneeExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.
InventorsTimothy Daniel Shaffer, Anthony Jay Dias, Ira David Finkelstein, Myron Bernard Kurtzman
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A cationic catalyst composition comprising a reactive cation and a compatible non-coordinating anion is preferably used at a temperature of 20° C. or less to produce olefin polymers, particularly polymers and copolymers of isobutylene.
Claims5
A catalyst system represented by the formulae:
- wherein R1, R2, and R3 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl groups, each G is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group, and g is an integer greater than or equal to 1 representing a number of monomer units —(CH2—CG2)— incorporated into a polymer chain;
- and
- NCA− is a non-coordinating anion represented by the following general formula:
- [(M′)m+Q1. . . Qn]d−
- wherein:
- M′ is a metal or metalloid;
- Q1 to Qn are, independently, bridged or unbridged hydride radicals, dialkylamido radicals, alkoxide and aryloxide radicals, hydrocarbyl and substituted-hydrocarbyl radicals, halocarbyl and substituted-halocarbyl radicals and hydrocarbyl and halocarbyl-substituted organometalloid radicals and any one, but not more than one of Q1 to Qn may be a halide radical;
- m is an integer representing the formal valence charge of M;
- n is the total number of ligands Q, and
- d is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
7 more elements
A catalyst system represented by the formulae:
- wherein R1, R2, and R3 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl groups, each G is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group, and g is an integer greater than or equal to 1 representing a number of monomer units —(CH2—CG2)— incorporated into a polymer chain;
- and,
- NCA— is a non-coordinating anion.
A catalyst system comprising:
- (a) a proton source;
- and
- (b) a non-coordinating anion represented by the following formula:
- [(M′)m+Q1. . . Qn]d−
- wherein:
- M′ is a metal or metalloid;
- Q1 to Qn are, independently, bridged or unbridged hydride radicals, dialkylamido radicals, alkoxide and aryloxide radicals, hydrocarbyl and substituted-hydrocarbyl radicals, halocarbyl and substituted-halocarbyl radicals and hydrocarbyl and halocarbyl-substituted organometalloid radicals and any one, but not more than one of Q1 to Qn may be a halide radical;
- m is an integer representing the formal valence charge of M;
- n is the total number of ligands Q, and
- d is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
7 more elements
A catalyst system comprising:
- (a) cationic compositions of germanium, tin or lead represented by the formula:
- wherein R1, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl groups and M* is Ge, Sn or Pb, provided that only one of R1, R2 and R3 is hydrogen when any of R1, R2 and R3 is hydrogen;
- and
- (b) a non coordinating anion.
1 more element
A catalyst system represented by any of the formulae E, F, G and H:
- wherein B′ is a polymer of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of iso(C4 to C24)olefins, alpha-heteroatom olefins, alpha-alkyl-styrenes, and halostyrenes, and further wherein:
- (A-Cp) is either (Cp)(Cp*) or Cp-A′-Cp*;
- Cp and Cp* are the same or different cyclopentadienyl rings substituted with from zero to five substituent groups S, each substituent group S being, independently, a radical group which is a hydrocarbyl, substituted-hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, substituted-halocarbyl, hydrocarbyl-substituted organometalloid, halocarbyl-substituted organometalloid, disubstituted boron, disubstituted pnicogen, substituted chalcogen or halogen radicals, or Cp and Cp* are cyclopentadienyl rings in which any two adjacent S groups are joined forming a C4 to C20 ring system to give a saturated or unsaturated polycyclic cyclopentadienyl ligand;
- A′ is a bridging group, which group may serve to restrict rotation of the Cp and Cp* rings or (C5H5−y−xSx) and JR′(z−1−y) groups;
- M is a Group 4, 5, or 6 transition metal;
- y is 0 or 1;
- (C5H5−y−xSx) is a cyclopentadienyl ring substituted with from zero to five S radicals;
- x is from 0 to 5 denoting the degree of substitution;
- JR′(z−1−y) is a heteroatom ligand in which J is a Group 15 element with a coordination number of three or a Group 16 element with a coordination number of 2,
- R″ is a hydrocarbyl group;
- X and X1 are independently a hydride radical, hydrocarbyl radical, substituted hydrocarbyl radical, halocarbyl radical, substituted halocarbyl radical, and hydrocarbyl- and halocarbyl-substituted organometalloid radical, substituted pnicogen radical, or substituted chalcogen radicals;
- and
- NCA is a non-coordinating anion.
10 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.