Electrophotographic apparatus and process cartridge

Abstract

An electrophotographic apparatus includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a charger for charging the electrophotographic photosensitive member including a charging member supplied with a voltage and disposed in contact with the photosensitive member so as to form a nip with the photosensitive member to charge the photosensitive member; an exposure device; a developing device; and a transfer device. The photosensitive member includes a surface layer containing a charge-transporting material having an oxidation potential of 0.4-1.0 volt. Charging promoter particles are present at the nip between the photosensitive member and the charging member to injection-charge the photosensitive member. Because of the selection of the charge-transporting material and the presence of the charging promoter particles, the photosensitive member can be effectively injection-charged.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.