Superconducting quantum interference device having bias wiring layer

A superconducting quantum interference device array having a plurality of DC-SQUIDs, each DC-SQUID comprising:

• a substrate;
• a superconductive ring disposed on the substrate;
• at least one Josephson junction connected to the superconductive ring;
• and a bias wiring layer conprising a thin film formed separately from the superconductive ring above or below the superconductive ring for supplying a bias current;
• wherein the bias wiring layer extends through a central axis of each of the plurality of DC-SQUIDs.

A superconducting quantum interference device array comprising a plurality of series- connected DC-SQUIDS, each DC-SQUID comprising:

• a substrate;
• a superconductive ring comprising a washer coil disposed on the substrate;
• at least one Josephson junction connected to the superconductive ring;
• and a bias wiring layer comprising a thin film disposed above or below and formed separately from the superconductive ring for supplying a bias current, the bias wiring layer passing through an axis of symmetry of the washer coil of each of the DC-SQUIDs so that one half of each washer coil extends laterally to one side of a center of the bias wiring layer and the other half of each washer coil extends laterally to another side of the center of the bias wiring layer.