Resorbable, macro-porous, non-collapsing and flexible membrane barrier for skeletal repair and regeneration

A resorbable polymer planar protective membrane for protecting a bone defect area from a soft tissue prolapse into the bone defect area, the resorbable polymer planar protective membrane having two opposing sides, a thickness between the two sides that is less than or equal to 1000 microns, a porosity that is less than about 60 percent, and being adapted to be placed in a pre-implant configuration outside of the bone defect area, as opposed to being placed within the bone defect area where new bone would ideally grow, to thereby allow entirely new bone growth within the area, the resorbable polymer planar protective membrane in the pre-implant configuration comprising a plurality of apertures disposed therein to substantially optimize healing of the bone defect area when the resorbable polymer planar protective membrane is implanted over the bone defect area, wherein apertures of the plurality of apertures form non-intersecting fluid flow paths, which fluidly connect the two opposing sides, which have minimum diameters greater than 1000 microns and less than 3,000 microns, which are arranged on the resorbable polymer planar protective membrane in staggered rows, and which are adapted to allow and optimize a proliferation of vasculature and connective tissue cells from adjacent soft tissues into the bone defect area, while preventing a gross prolapse of adjacent soft tissues into the bone defect area, the resorbable polymer planar protective membrane being adapted to be resorbed into a mammalian body, and not remodeled, within a period of between about 2 and 24 months from an initial implantation of the resorbable polymer planar protective membrane into the mammalian body.

A method of facilitating protected bone regeneration, comprising the following steps:

• providing a resorbable polymer protective membrane, the resorbable polymer protective membrane having a thickness, a porosity less than about 60 percent, and a plurality of non-intersecting apertures penetrating completely through the thickness of the resorbable polymer protective membrane and distributed on the resorbable polymer protective membrane to substantially maximize healing of a bone defect area when the resorbable polymer protective membrane is wrapped around the bone defect area, wherein apertures of the non-intersecting apertures have 500 micron to 3000 micron minimum diameters, the resorbable polymer protective membrane having a strength sufficient to prevent gross prolapse of adjacent soft tissues into the bone defect area and to allow and optimize protected bone regeneration when the resorbable polymer protective membrane is secured around the bone defect area and secured to the adjacent areas of bone near the bone defect area, the resorbable polymer protective membrane being adapted to be resorbed into a mammalian body, and not remodeled, within a period of approximately 2 to 24 months from an initial implantation of the resorbable polymer protective membrane into the mammalian body;
• and
• wrapping the resorbable polymer protective membrane around the bone defect area, to thereby cover and surround the entire bone defect area and to overlap adjacent areas of bone near the bone defect area.

A method of protecting a bone defect area from soft tissue interposition, comprising the following steps:

• providing a substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer protective base material, the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer protective base material comprising a thickness, a porosity less than about 60 percent, and a plurality of non-intersecting apertures disposed in the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer protective base material, apertures of the plurality of non-intersecting apertures penetrating through the thickness of the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer protective base material and having minimum diameters ranging from approximately 500 microns to approximately 3000 microns, apertures of the plurality of non-intersecting apertures further being distributed on the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer protective base material to substantially optimize healing of a bone defect area when the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer protective base material is placed around a boundary of the bone defect area and being adapted to allow and optimize a proliferation of vasculature and connective tissue cells, derived from adjacent soft tissues, into the boundary of the bone defect area, while preventing a gross prolapse of adjacent soft tissues into the boundary of the bone defect area, the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer protective base material being adapted to be resorbed into a mammalian body, and not remodeled, within a period of approximately 2 to 24 months from an initial implantation of the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer protective base material into the mammalian body;
• and
• placing the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer protective base material around the boundary of the bone defect area.

A protective bone regeneration membrane for protecting a hard tissue defect from a prolapse of adjacent soft tissues during in vivo repair of the hard tissue defect, the protective membrane having a pre-implant configuration, which is defined as a configuration of the protective membrane immediately before the protective membrane is implanted over the hard tissue defect and placed into contact with any adjacent soft tissue, the protective membrane comprising:

• a substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer base material having a first side, a second side, a thickness measured between the first side and the second side that is less than or equal to 1000 microns, and a porosity that is less than about 60 percent;
• and
• a plurality of apertures disposed in the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer base material to substantially optimize healing of the hard tissue defect when the protective membrane is implanted over the hard tissue defect, wherein apertures of the plurality of apertures of the protective membrane when the protective membrane is in the pre-implant configuration have diameters greater than 1000 microns and less than 3000 microns, define fluid-flow paths extending along individual path axes from the first side to the second side, and have cross-sectional areas that are substantially constant along the path axes, wherein apertures of the plurality of apertures of the protective membrane when the protective membrane is in the pre-implant configuration are adapted to allow and optimize a proliferation of vasculature and connective tissues cells, derived from the adjacent soft tissues, to permeate through the apertures and into the hard tissue defect, while preventing gross prolapse of the adjacent soft tissues into the hard tissue defect, the protective membrane being adapted to be resorbed into a mammalian body, and not remodeled, within a period of approximately 2 to 24 months from an initial implantation of the protective membrane into the mammalian body.

A protective bone regeneration membrane for protecting a hard tissue defect from a prolapse of adjacent soft tissues during in vivo repair of the hard tissue defect, the protective membrane having a pre-implant configuration, which is defined as a configuration of the protective membrane immediately before the protective membrane is implanted over the hard tissue defect and placed into contact with any adjacent soft tissue, the protective membrane comprising:

• a substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer base material having a first side, a second side, a thickness measured between the first side and the second side that is greater than about 500 microns and less than 1000 microns, and a porosity that is less than about 60 percent;
• and
• a plurality of apertures disposed in the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer base material to substantially optimize healing of the hard tissue defect when the protective membrane is implanted over the hard tissue defect, wherein apertures of the plurality of apertures of the protective membrane when the protective membrane is in the pre-implant configuration are surrounded by and defined by aperture walls within the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer base material and wherein apertures of the plurality of apertures define fluid flow paths from the first side to the second side;
• wherein aperture walls of the protective membrane when the protective membrane is in the pre-implant configuration extend substantially and continuously from the first side to the second side, to thereby define corresponding apertures which extend substantially and continuously from the first side to the second side;
• wherein apertures of the plurality of apertures of the protective membrane when the protective membrane is in the pre-implant configuration have minimum diameters greater than 1000 microns and less than 3000 microns,
• wherein apertures of the plurality of apertures of the protective membrane when the protective membrane is in the pre-implant configuration are adapted to allow and optimize a proliferation of vasculature and connective tissue cells, derived from the adjacent soft tissues, to permeate through the apertures and into the hard tissue defect, while preventing gross prolapse of the adjacent soft tissues into the hard tissue defect;
• and
• wherein the protective membrane is adapted to be resorbed into a mammalian body, and not remodeled, within a period of approximately 2 to 24 months from an initial implantation of the protective membrane into the mammalian body.

A protective bone regeneration membrane for protecting a hard tissue defect from a prolapse of adjacent soft tissues during in vivo repair of the hard tissue defect, the protective membrane having a pre-implant configuration, which is defined as a configuration of the protective membrane immediately before the protective membrane is implanted over the hard tissue defect and place into contact with any adjacent soft tissue, the protective membrane comprising:

• a substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer base material having a first side, a second side, a thickness measured between the first side and the second side that is greater than 500 microns and less than 1000 microns, and a porosity that is less than about 60 percent;
• and
• a plurality of tunnels disposed in the substantially planar sheet of resorbable polymer base material to substantially optimize healing of the hard tissue defect when the protective membrane is implanted over the hard tissue defect, wherein tunnels of the plurality of tunnels of the protective membrane when the protective membrane is in the pre-implant configuration have minimum diameters greater than 1000 microns and less than 3000 microns and extend substantially continuously from the first side to the second side, wherein tunnels of the plurality of tunnels of the protective membrane when the protective membrane is in the pre-implant configuration are adapted to allow and optimize a proliferation of vasculature and connective tissues cells, derived from the adjacent soft tissues, to permeate through the tunnels and into the hard tissue defect, while preventing gross prolapse of the adjacent soft tissues into the hard tissue defect, the protective membrane being adapted to be resorbed into a mammalian body, and not remodeled, within a period of approximately 2 to 24 months from an initial implantation of the protective membrane into the mammalian body.